Antioxidants - Oxidative Stress
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Antioxidants - Oxidative Stress
General Information
NEWS:
Antioxidant-Rich Foods Preserve Vision
Antioxidant-rich Pecans Can Protect Against Unhealthy Oxidation "A new research study from Loma Linda University (LLU) shows that adding just a handful of pecans to your diet each day may inhibit unwanted oxidation of blood lipids, thus helping reduce the risk of heart disease. Researchers suggest that this positive effect was in part due to the pecan's significant content of vitamin E."
Blackberries take top antioxidant honours "What five foods pack the highest antioxidant punch? They are, in order of strength: blackberries, grape juice, artichoke hearts, walnuts and strawberries. These can be added to the list of those more famous for their super-food status: blueberries, red wine and chocolate."
Mushrooms Full of Antioxidants
Naked Mole-rat Unfazed by Oxidative Stress "Oxidative stress occurs during metabolism when oxygen (O2) splits into single oxygen atoms, known as free radicals. These oxygen atoms may circulate by themselves, or combine with other atoms and molecules to form reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can damage DNA, lipids and proteins thus impairing normal cellular function. Antioxidants help to neutralize ROS, thus restricting the potential of ROS to damage biological molecules. … the researchers compared the ratio of reduced glutathione, an antioxidant, to oxidized glutathione. As the body uses up its reduced glutathione to fight oxidative stress, the pool of oxidized glutathione increases. This ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione is thus an indicator of oxidative stress: the greater the ratio, the less oxidative stress has occurred. … The researchers measured oxidative damage in lipids, DNA and proteins and found that naked mole-rats showed much greater levels of damage to each of these biological molecules, in all tissues assayed, when compared to mice. … 'our findings strongly suggest that mechanisms other than attenuated oxidative stress may explain the impressive longevity of this species.' "
ARTICLES:
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A Phase II Study with Antioxidants, Both in the Diet and Supplemented, Pharmaconutritional Support, Progestagen, and Anti-Cyclooxygenase-2 Showing Efficacy and Safety in Patients with Cancer-Related Anorexia/Cachexia and Oxidative Stress. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006)
Alcohol, oxidative stress and free radical damage. (Proc Nutr Soc. 2006) "Together these observations provide a rationale for the possible clinical application of antioxidants in the therapy for ALD."
alpha-Tocopherol induces calnexin in renal tubular cells: Another protective mechanism against free radical-induced cellular damage. (Arch Biochem Biophys. 2006)
Antioxidant activity of vitamin B6 delays homocysteine-induced atherosclerosis in rats. (Br J Nutr. 2006) "These results suggest that the oxidative stress caused by a low level of vitamin B6 accelerates the development of homocysteine-induced atherosclerosis in rats."
Antioxidant Supplementation Lowers Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Young Overweight Adults. (Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006) "DISCUSSION: AOX lowers exercise-induced oxidative stress in overweight adults. Inflammatory and lipid markers may also be attenuated with AOX. Further studies are needed to determine whether AOX may be used in cardiovascular disease prevention in the overweight population."
Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration. (Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006) "AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The evidence as to the effectiveness of antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplementation in halting the progression of AMD comes mainly from one large trial in the USA. The generalisability of these findings to other populations with different nutritional status is not known. Further large, well-conducted randomised controlled trials in other populations are required. Long-term harm from supplementation cannot be ruled out. Beta-carotene has been found to increase the risk of lung cancer in smokers; vitamin E has been associated with an increased risk of heart failure in people with vascular disease or diabetes."
Antioxidant Vitamin Therapy Alters Sepsis-Related Apoptotic Myocardial Activity and Inflammatory Responses. (Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006) "Conclusions: Antioxidant vitamin therapy abrogated myocardial inflammatory cytokine signaling and attenuated sepsis-related contractile dysfunction, suggesting that antioxidant vitamins therapy may be a potential approach to treat injury and disease states characterized by myocardial dysfunction."
Antioxidant vitamins and risk of lung cancer. (Curr Pharm Des. 2006)
Antioxidant vitamins supplementation and mortality: A randomized trial in head and neck cancer patients. (Int J Cancer. 2006) "Our results concur with previous reports to suggest that high-dose vitamin E could be harmful."
[Antioxidants and health.] (Ugeskr Laeger. 2006) "A high intake of fruit and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of lifestyle diseases, but there is no evidence that this association is due to an antioxidant effect."
Antioxidants in the prevention of renal disease. (J Med Food. 2006) " Oxidative stress mediates a wide range of renal impairments, from acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, obstructive nephropathy, hyperlipidemia, and glomerular damage to chronic renal failure and hemodialysis. Therefore, interventions favoring the scavenging and/or depuration of ROS (dietary and pharmacological antioxidants) should attenuate or prevent the oxidative stress, thereby mitigating against the subsequent renal damage."
Calorie restriction up-regulates the plasma membrane redox system in brain cells and suppresses oxidative stress during aging. (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006)
Chondroitin sulphate: antioxidant properties and beneficial effects. (Mini Rev Med Chem. 2006)
Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the genesis and perpetuation of cancer: role of lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and repair. (Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2006) "CONCLUSION: Persistent oxidative/nitrosative stress and excess LPO are induced by inflammatory processes in a self-perpetuating process and cause progressive accumulation of DNA damage in target organs. Together with deregulation of cell homeostasis, the resulting genetic changes act as driving force in chronic inflammation-associated human disease pathogenesis."
Dietary Intake of Antioxidants and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (JAMA. 2005)
Early alpha-synuclein lipoxidation in neocortex in lewy body diseases. (Neurobiol Aging. 2006) "Previous studies in Lewy body diseases (LBDs), including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), have shown oxidative stress damage more extended than the expected for the distribution of Lewy pathology."
Effects of dietary factors on oxidation of low-density lipoprotein particles. (J Nutr Biochem. 2006)
Efficiency of apples, strawberries, and tomatoes for reduction of oxidative stress in pigs as a model for humans (Nutrition 2006) "Our findings support the hypothesis that supplementation with apples, strawberries, or tomatoes effectively decreases oxidative stress by decreasing MDA formation in the body and by protecting mononuclear blood cells against increased DNA damage. This effect was particularly pronounced in the group supplemented with a fruit mixture; among the single fruit supplements, the most beneficial effect was obtained with apples."
Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in arterial hypertension. (Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2006) "A large body of evidence indicates that endothelial dysfunction is a characteristic of patients with essential hypertension. By definition, endothelial dysfunction is a functional and reversible alteration of endothelial cells, resulting from impairment in nitric oxide (NO) availability and oxidative stress."
Female Infertility and Free Radicals: Potential Role in Adhesions and Endometriosis. (J Soc Gynecol Investig. 2006)
Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. (Chem Biol Interact. 2006)
HYPERTENSION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS (Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 2006)
Importance of diet in protection against oxidative damage. (Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that well balanced food consumption with higher fruits and vegetable intake has a protective effect against oxidative damage."
Inverse association of antioxidant and phytoestrogen nutrient intake with adult glioma in the San Francisco Bay Area: a case-control study (BMC Cancer 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: Our results support inverse associations of glioma with higher dietary antioxidant index and with higher intake of certain phytoestrogens, especially daidzein."
Investigation of oxidative stress and dietary habits in Mongolian people, compared to Japanese people. (Nutr Metab (Lond). 2006) "ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The average life span of Mongolians is 62 years for males and 69 years for females. This life span is about 16 years shorter than that of Japanese. Mongolian people generally eat meat, fat and diary products but less vegetables or fruit. Thus, we investigated the state of oxidative stress and dietary habits of Mongolians. … Conclusion: Murun subjects may be in high oxidative stress, which may have a relationship with early ageing and several diseases, ultimately resulting in their short life span. In order to increase antioxidant capacity and suppress overproduction of ROM, antioxidant food intake is recommended."
l-Carnitine attenuates oxidative stress in hypertensive rats. (J Nutr Biochem. 2006) "In conclusion, chronic administration of LC leads to an increase in hepatic and cardiac antioxidant defense and a reduction in the systemic oxidative process in SHR."
Mitigation of age-dependent oxidative damage to DNA in rat heart by carnitine and lipoic acid. (Mech Ageing Dev. 2006) "Supplementation of carnitine and lipoic acid during aging process decreased the incidence of these DNA damage, therefore suggesting that this feeding regimen inhibits the accumulation of age-associated oxidative DNA damage."
Modeling oxidative stress in the central nervous system. (Curr Mol Med. 2006) "Oxidative stress is associated with the onset and pathogenesis of several prominent central nervous system disorders. Consequently, there is a pressing need for experimental methods for studying neuronal responses to oxidative stress. …"
Modulation of oxidative stress-induced changes in hypertension and atherosclerosis by antioxidants (Experimental and Clinical Cardiology 2006) "An imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant reserve, referred to as oxidative stress, results in the altered structure and function of proteins, lipids and DNA. Oxidative stress is associated with hypertension and atherosclerosis … "
Modulatory role of grape seed extract on age-related oxidative DNA damage in central nervous system of rats. (Brain Res Bull. 2006)
Nutritional antioxidants and age-related cataract and maculopathy. (Exp Eye Res. 2006) " … proper nutrition, possibly including use of antioxidant supplements for the nutritionally impoverished, along with healthy life styles may provide the least costly and most practical means to delay ARC and ARM."
Overweight and obesity-induced oxidative stress in children. (Biomed Environ Sci. 2006) " CONCLUSION: The present study suggests that there exists an increased oxidative stress in overweight and obese children."
Oxidative stress and atherosclerosis. (Pathophysiology. 2006) "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Its incidence has been increasing lately in developing countries. Several lines of evidence support a role for oxidative stress in atherogenesis. Growing evidence indicates that chronic and acute overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under pathophysiologic conditions is integral in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD)."
Oxidative Stress and Vascular Disease (Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2006) "There is compelling evidence that oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathophysiology of several major cardiovascular diseases. In atherosclerosis, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, and heart failure, expression of superoxide is increased in blood vessels, and endothelial vasomotor function is impaired, presumably caused in large part by inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide. Endothelial dysfunction is predictive of cardiovascular risk, and probably plays a key role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and its complications."
Oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease (Pathophysiology 2006)
Oxidative stress in cataracts (Pathophysiology 2006) "Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance of antioxidants and pro-oxidants. Since toxic free radicals are the result of normal metabolism, their destruction is imperative. Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Opacity of the lens is a direct result of oxidative stress. Cataracts occur primarily due to age, but also are common in diabetes where superoxide in the mitochondria is elevated as a result of hyperglycemia."
[Oxidative stress in human diseases.] (Ann Pharm Fr. 2006) ”Oxidative stress is an abnormal phenomenon occurring inside our cells or tissues when production of oxygen radicals exceeds their antioxidant capacity. Excess of free radicals damage essential macromolecules of the cell, leading to abnormal gene expression, disturbance in receptor activity, proliferation or cell dye, immunity perturbation, mutagenesis, protein or lipofushin deposition. Numerous human diseases involve during the pathological process such a stress, localized or general (in the same way as inflammation). In many serious diseases such as cancer, ocular degeneration (age related macular degeneration or cataract), neurodegenerative diseases (ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease) stress is the factor original."
[Physical exercise, oxidative stress and damage] (Orv Hetil. 2006)
Redefining oxidative stress. (Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006) "Oxidative stress is often defined as an imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants, which can be quantified in humans as the redox state of plasma GSH/GSSG. Plasma GSH redox in humans becomes oxidized with age, in response to oxidative stress (chemotherapy, smoking), and in common diseases (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease). However, data also show that redox of plasma GSH/GSSG is not equilibrated with the larger plasma cysteine/cystine (Cys/CySS) pool, indicating that the "balance" of pro-oxidants and antioxidants cannot be defined by a single entity. … oxidative stress may be better defined as a disruption of redox signaling and control."
[Role of oxidative stress in respiratory diseases and its monitoring.] (Med Clin (Barc). 2006) "Together with inflammation and subsequent remodeling of airways, an imbalance between oxidative and anti-oxidative agents is generated during the development of numerous pulmonary diseases. This process seems to be involved in both the pathogenesis and chronification of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), SOAS, interstitial lung diseases and cystic fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species including superoxide anion, hidroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are synthetised as a response of inflammatory cells and are responsible of the oxidation of nucleic acids, proteins and membrane lipids, leading to cell damage and enhanced inflammation."
Serum antioxidants, inflammation, and total mortality in older women. (Am J Epidemiol. 2006)
Serum Cholesterol Levels and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease. (Am J Epidemiol. 2006) "These findings may indicate a role of lipids in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Alternatively, they could reflect the strong correlation--especially in women--between levels of serum cholesterol and the antioxidant coenzyme Q10. If confirmed, this would provide further support for an important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease."
The antioxidant properties of garlic compounds: allyl cysteine, alliin, allicin, and allyl disulfide. (J Med Food. 2006) "In summary, our findings indicated that allyl disulfide, alliin, allicin, and allyl cysteine exhibit different patterns of antioxidant activities as protective compounds against free radical damage."
The effect of green tea in oxidative stress. (Clin Nutr. 2006)
The effects of diet on inflammation emphasis on the metabolic syndrome. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006)
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