Atherosclerosis

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Atherosclerosis

NIH - Medical Encyclopedia: Atherosclerosis

"Atherosclerosis is a condition in which fatty material is deposited along the walls of arteries. This fatty material thickens, hardens, and may eventually block the arteries."

Highlighted Article

Air Pollution, High-Fat Diet Cause Atherosclerosis in Laboratory Mice

"The study showed that the combination of fine particle pollution and high-fat diet can promote the development of atherosclerosis, and may explain why people who live in highly polluted areas have a higher risk of heart disease."

Atherosclerosis

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A Proinflammatory State Is Detectable in Obese Children and Is Accompanied by Functional and Morphological Vascular Changes. (rterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006) "Background--Obesity is generally accepted as a risk factor for premature atherosclerosis. Subclinical inflammation as quantified by blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) contributes to the development and progression of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that inflammation in obese children is related to functional and early morphological vascular changes. … CONCLUSIONS: A proinflammatory state is detectable in obese children, which is accompanied by impaired vascular endothelial function and early structural changes of arteries, even in young subjects at risk. It remains to be determined whether high hsCRP in obese children predicts cardiovascular events."

A retrospective study of the relationship between biomarkers of atherosclerosis and erectile dysfunction in 988 men. (Int J Impot Res. 2006)

Antioxidant activity of vitamin B6 delays homocysteine-induced atherosclerosis in rats. (Br J Nutr. 2006 ) "These results suggest that the oxidative stress caused by a low level of vitamin B6 accelerates the development of homocysteine-induced atherosclerosis in rats."

Association of aortic plaque with intracranial atherosclerosis in patients with stroke. (Neurology. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: The presence of simple aortic plaques may be a marker of advanced vascular disease. Detection of simple aortic plaques during transesophageal echocardiography may have clinical implications because patients with these plaques frequently had concomitant intracranial atherosclerosis, a risk factor for stroke."

Atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in chronic renal failure. (Kidney Blood Press Res. 2005) "Cardiovascular complications are a major clinical problem in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure; cardiac death accounts for approximately 40-50% of all deaths in these patients. Death from cardiovascular causes is up to 20 times more common in uremic patients than in the general population with the risk being even higher than in patients with diabetes mellitus. A high rate of myocardial infarction and excessive cardiac mortality have repeatedly been documented in patients with kidney disease and renal failure."

Atherosclerosis: immune and inflammatory aspects. ( Investig Med. 2006) "Emphasis is placed on the role of inflammation as a driving force in the process of atherosclerosis and vascular endothelium as a modulating factor in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease."

[Can antioxidants prevent atherosclerosis?] (Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2006 Oct ) "Our review summarises the principle of antioxidant supplementation and a number of relevant epidemiological and clinical studies for prevention of atherosclerosis. The obtained results suggest that supplementation of antioxidants cannot be recommended for the normal population."

Carbohydrate nutrition, glycaemic load, and plasma lipids: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (European Heart Journal 2006)

Carotid Atherosclerosis Is Associated with Brain Atrophy in Japanese Elders. (Gerontology. 2006) "Conclusion: Carotid atherosclerosis may be a useful morphological index of brain atrophy."

C-Reactive Protein, Carotid Atherosclerosis, and Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease. Results of the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study. (Stroke. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence for differential effects of CRP in different beds of the arterial brain supply. CRP was a marker for active carotid atherosclerosis but not for small vessel disease-related brain lesions."

Effect of dietary vegetable and animal proteins on atherothrombosis in mice. (Nutrition. 2006)

Effect of white wine consumption on oxidative stress markers and homocysteine levels. (Physiol Res. 2006) "The results of our non-placebo controlled trial suggest that regular daily white wine consumption is associated with both antioxidative and antiatherogenic effects but also with a potentially proatherogenic increase of homocysteine concentrations."

Exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in apparently healthy men (Journal of Hypertension 2006) "Conclusions: These results suggest that an exaggerated SBP response to exercise is strongly associated with carotid atherosclerosis, independent of established risk factors in healthy men. It may be an important factor in evaluating hypertension related to target-organ damage."

High-dose testosterone is associated with atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women. (Maturitas. 2006) "CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that high-dose testosterone therapy may adversely affect atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women and indicate that androgen replacement in these women may not be harmless."

Homocysteine hypothesis for atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease: not validated. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006)

Impact of oxidative stress on arterial elasticity in patients with atherosclerosis. (Am J Hypertens. 2006) "BACKGROUND: Alterations in the elastic behavior of arteries is an early sign of vascular damage in atherogenesis and may be promoted by oxidative stress (OxS)."

Neovascularization in human atherosclerosis. (Curr Mol Med. 2006)

Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006) "Approximately 76% of all fatal coronary thrombi are precipitated by plaque rupture. Plaque rupture is a more frequent cause of coronary thrombosis in men (approximately 80%) than in women (approximately 60%). Ruptured plaques are characterized by a large lipid-rich core, a thin fibrous cap that contains few smooth muscle cells and many macrophages, angiogenesis, adventitial inflammation, and outward remodeling. Plaque rupture is the most common cause of coronary thrombosis."

Pathology of the vulnerable plaque. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006) "The majority of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) present with unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, and sudden coronary death. The most common cause of coronary thrombosis is plaque rupture followed by plaque erosion, whereas calcified nodule is infrequent."

Slow heart rate recovery after exercise is associated with carotid atherosclerosis. (Atherosclerosis. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: Slow heart rate recovery after exercise, an index of decreased parasympathetic activity, is associated with carotid atherosclerosis independent of established risk factors in middle-age men."

Relationship Between C-Reactive Protein and Subclinical Atherosclerosis. The Dallas Heart Study (Circulation 2006)

The association between psoriasis, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis in Israel: A case-control study (J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006)

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