Prevention
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Prevention
General Information
NEWS:
Can lung scans really prevent cancer deaths?
Can what you eat help prevent lymphoma? " … steps to lower risk of lymphoma seem to include the same choices that lower our risk of other cancers. Eat a mostly plant-based diet with a wide variety of vegetables and fruits, control portions and stay physically active, aiming to reach and keep a healthy weight."
Fiber Good, and Not Just for Your Gut
Four cases of tick paralysis seen in Colorado
Healthy Lifestyle May Fight Impotence
How your diet can help fight inflammation "A mostly plant-based diet with plenty of vegetables, fruits, whole grains and beans also seems to decrease inflammation. Studies link a Mediterranean-style diet with lower levels of CRP. Antioxidant vitamins like vitamin C in these foods could interact with a whole range of protective plant compounds to provide protection. A Mediterranean-style diet also tends to be higher than the typical American diet in omega-3 fat, which is found especially in fish. A healthy balance of omega-3 fat with other fats reduces production of hormone-like substances that stimulate inflammation. Studies also show lower levels of markers of inflammation in those who exercise regularly or don't smoke. Good dental care that prevents the gum inflammation known as gingivitis may even help to reduce overall body inflammation."
Ill effects of inactivity reversible with exercise "Couch potatoes can lower their risk of developing heart disease, diabetes and other health conditions, if they start spending as much time exercising as they previously spent being inactive, new study findings suggest."
Lemonade Offers Sweet Relief From Kidney Stones
Lots of fruit may reduce oral cancer risk in men "Men who consume high quantities of fruits, especially citrus fruits and juices, have a significantly lower risk of developing oral premalignant lesions, irregular tissue that has not yet developed into cancer, according to the findings published in the American Journal of Epidemiology."
Low and High BMI Increases Risk of Death "In the second study, researchers from the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Md., compiled data on more than 500,000 U.S. men and women between ages 50 and 71. Researchers report risk of death increased at both extremes of the body weight spectrum. When the researchers looked only at healthy non-smokers, the risk of death was most concentrated in overweight and obese people."
Low-Fat Diet Does Not Cut Health Risks, Study Finds
Minnesota sets bar on health again: State honored for 4th year; Louisiana is last "The land of 10,000 lakes has been named the healthiest state for the fourth consecutive year, according to a report released today by the United Health Foundation, a private, non-profit organization dedicated to supporting healthy communities."
Most Americans don't get preventive healthcare
New Guidelines for Lyme Disease Prevention
Omega-3 fatty acids: their beneficial role in cardiovascular health. (Can Fam Physician. 2006) "Omega-3 fatty acids are cardioprotective mainly due to beneficial effects on arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, inflammation, and thrombosis. There is also evidence that they improve endothelial function, lower blood pressure, and significantly lower triglycerides. CONCLUSION: There is good evidence in the literature that increasing intake of omega-3 fatty acids improves cardiac outcomes. Physicians need to integrate dietary recommendations for consumption of omega-3 fatty acids into their usual cardiovascular care."
Orange Juice Best at Stopping Kidney Stones "Experts have long known that potassium citrate -- found in citrus juice -- can slow stone formation in people with a history of the condition."
Smokers must quit, not just cut down, study finds "Smokers eager to cut the risk of dying early from tobacco-related illnesses must quit completely, researchers said on Tuesday, because cutting down -- even by half -- is not enough. … The researchers found no significant difference in early death rates from cardiovascular disease, cancers and other causes between heavy smokers who continued their habit and people who had halved their consumption during the study."
State-By-State Health Rankings
Step Counting May Increase Exercise More Than Timed Walking in Sedentary Women
Strategies for preventing calcium oxalate stones (CMAJ 2006) "About 10% of people will experience nephrolithiasis in their lifetime, and about 70% of those will have recurrences. About 80% of stones are calcium based, and about 80% of those are calcium oxalate stones. We discuss here briefly the evidence for the prevention of calcium oxalate stones through dietary and pharmacologic measures."
Study: Eating Fish Helps Protect Eyesight "The proper balance of essential fatty acids was crucial to preventing eye disease in the study, Seddon said. The men who ate not only more omega-3 fatty acids, but also fewer omega-6 fatty acids, found in vegetable oils and baked goods, got the most benefit."
Study: Staying active helps keep the mind sharp
The Basics for Staying Healthy
The Efficacy and Safety of Multivitamin and Mineral Supplement Use To Prevent Cancer and Chronic Disease in Adults: A Systematic Review for a National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference. (Ann Intern Med. 2006) "BACKGROUND: Multivitamin and mineral supplements are the most commonly used dietary supplements in the United States. PURPOSE: To synthesize studies on the efficacy and safety of multivitamin/mineral supplement use in primary prevention of cancer and chronic disease in the general population. . In a poorly nourished Chinese population, combined supplementation with beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, and selenium reduced the incidence of and mortality rate from gastric cancer and the overall mortality rate from cancer by 13% to 21%. In a French trial, combined supplementation with vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene, selenium, and zinc reduced the rate of cancer by 31% in men but not in women. Multivitamin and mineral supplements had no significant effect on cardiovascular disease or cataracts, except that combined beta-carotene, selenium, alpha-tocopherol, retinol, and zinc supplementation reduced the mortality rate from stroke by 29% in the Linxian study and that a combination of 7 vitamins and minerals stabilized visual acuity loss in a small trial. Combined zinc and antioxidants slowed the progression of advanced age-related macular degeneration in high-risk persons. No consistent adverse effects of multivitamin and mineral supplements were evident. . Findings may not apply to use of commercial multivitamin supplements by the general U.S. population. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence is insufficient to support the presence or absence of benefits from use of multivitamin and mineral supplements to prevent cancer and chronic disease."
The Metabolic Syndrome: A Menace to Men's Health
UC Davis researchers reveal apples' protective ways
Vegetables, antioxidants may lower lymphoma risk "In particular, leafy greens like spinach and kale, and cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower, seemed to be protective."
Working out may help prevent colds, flu
Yellow Pigment in Veggies Protects Against Eye Disease
ARTICLES:
A Disease-Prevention Plan for Men
AHRQ - Adult Preventive Care Timeline
AHRQ - Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, 2006
Alternative Modalities For Health And Well-Being (Tai chi, Yoga, Meditation, Aromatherapy, And More)
Keeping Your Heart Healthy Through Good Nutrition and Exercise
Mediterranean Diet May Reduce Mortality in Elderly
NGC - Adult preventive services (ages 18 - 49). (2005)
NGC - Preventive services for children and adolescents. (2005)
NGC -Preventive services in adults. (2005)
NGC - Summary of recommendations for clinical preventive services. (2005)
Organize Yourself For A Healthy Lifestyle
Statins Linked to Lower Risk of Cataracts
The Anti-Inflammation Diet "Most foods either fuel the fires of inflammation or tamp them down, Galland explains. And fat is the crux of the issue. The goal is to eat a good balance of inflammatory fats (mainly omega-6s, as found in safflower, sunflower, and corn oil) and anti-inflammatory fats (like omega-3s, found in fish, and omega-9s, which olive oil has). But most people chow down on up to 30 times more inflammatory fats than anti. … If you don’t want to mess with mercury, you’re not so fond of fish, or you just want to hedge your bets, try fish oil supplements. Look for a supplement with EPA and DHA and take 2,000 milligrams every day."
What Are Ways to Prevent Falls and Related Fractures?
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of nutritional supplementation during acute illness. (Am J Med. 2006) "PURPOSE: The study tested whether nutritional support of older patients during acute illness leads to a clinical benefit. . CONCLUSION: Oral nutritional supplementation of acutely ill patients improved nutritional status and led to a statistically significant reduction in the number of non-elective readmissions."
Association between dietary fiber and serum C-reactive protein (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006) "Background: High sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of acute inflammation recently recognized as an independent predictor of future cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The identification of modifiable factors, such as diet, that influence serum CRP concentrations may provide the means for reducing the risk of these diseases. . Conclusions: Our results suggest that dietary fiber is protective against high CRP, which supports current recommendations for a diet high in fiber."
Association Between Protein Intake and Blood Pressure (Arch Intern Med. 2006)"
Body-Mass Index and Mortality in Korean Men and Women (NEJM 2006) "Conclusions Underweight, overweight, and obese men and women had higher rates of death than men and women of normal weight. The association of BMI with death varied according to the cause of death and was modified by age, sex, and smoking history."
Cereal grains and legumes in the prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke: a review of the literature. (Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006) "Recommendation: Carbohydrate-rich foods should be wholegrain and if they are not, then the lowest GI product available should be consumed. Glycemic index is largely irrelevant for foods that contain small amounts of carbohydrate per serve (such as most vegetables)."
Effect of Cholecalciferol Plus Calcium on Falling in Ambulatory Older Men and Women (Arch Intern Med. 2006)
Efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in preventing age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review. (Ophthalmology. 2006) "CONCLUSION: There is some clinical evidence for protection of AMD from omega-3 fatty acids. However, the results are not consistent. Hence, our conclusion is that this issue is neither clearly supported nor refuted by the present world literature. This is an intriguing and extremely important question but needs further study first with prospective cohort designs and, if positive, randomized clinical trials."
Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006) "A comparison of vitamin D intakes with achieved serum concentrations of 25(OH)D for the purpose of estimating optimal intakes led us to suggest that, for bone health in younger adults and all studied outcomes in older adults, an increase in the currently recommended intake of vitamin D is warranted. An intake for all adults of 1000 IU (40 µg) vitamin D (cholecalciferol)/d is needed to bring vitamin D concentrations in no less than 50% of the population up to 75 nmol/L. The implications of higher doses for the entire adult population should be addressed in future studies."
Exercise is associated with reduced risk for incident dementia among persons 65 years of age and older (Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports) "These results suggest that regular exercise is associated with a delay in onset of dementia and Alzheimer disease, further supporting its value for elderly persons."
Flavonoids and risk of squamous cell esophageal cancer. (Int J Cancer. 2006) "In conclusion, this study suggests that flavanone intake is inversely associated with esophageal cancer risk and may account, with vitamin C, for the protective effect of fruit, especially citrus fruit, on esophageal cancer."
Fruit and vegetable intakes, C-reactive protein, and the metabolic syndrome (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006) "Conclusions: Higher intakes of fruit and vegetables are associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome; the lower risk may be the result of lower CRP concentrations. These findings support current dietary recommendations to increase daily intakes of fruit and vegetables as a primary preventive measure against cardiovascular disease."
Healthy Lifestyle Factors in the Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease Among Men. Benefits Among Users and Nonusers of Lipid-Lowering and Antihypertensive Medications. (Circulation. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: A majority of CHD events among US men may be preventable through adherence to healthy lifestyle practices, even among those taking medications for hypertension or hypercholesterolemia."
Low-grade inflammation in chronic infectious diseases: paradigm of periodontal infections. (Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006) " The importance of periodontal infections to systemic health is further strengthened by pilot intervention trials indicating that periodontal therapy may improve surrogate cardiovascular outcomes, such as endothelial function, and may reduce four- to fivefold the incidence of premature birth. Nevertheless, further research is needed to fully discern the underlying mechanisms by which local chronic infections can have an impact on systemic health, and in this endeavor periodontal disease may serve as an ideal disease model."
Moderate-Intensity Exercise Reduces the Incidence of Colds Among Postmenopausal Women (The American Journal of Medicine 2006) "This study suggests that 1 year of moderate-intensity exercise training can reduce the incidence of colds among postmenopausal women. These findings are of public health relevance and add a new facet to the growing literature on the health benefits of moderate exercise."
Multivitamin/Mineral Supplements and Prevention of Chronic Disease
Nutritional antioxidants and age-related cataract and maculopathy. (Exp Eye Res. 2006) " ... proper nutrition, possibly including use of antioxidant supplements for the nutritionally impoverished, along with healthy life styles may provide the least costly and most practical means to delay ARC and ARM."
Overweight, Obesity, and Mortality in a Large Prospective Cohort of Persons 50 to 71 Years Old (NEJM 2006) "Conclusions Excess body weight during midlife, including overweight, is associated with an increased risk of death."
Physical Activity Intervention Studies (Circulation. 2006) "Sedentary behavior has been identified as one of the leading preventable causes of death,1 and an inverse linear relationship exists between volume of physical activity behavior and all-cause mortality.2 Moreover, participation in regular physical activity decreases the risk of cardiovascular disease,3 type 2 diabetes mellitus,4 osteoporosis,5 depression,6 obesity,7 breast cancer,8 colon cancer,9 and falls in older adults.6 Given the numerous health benefits of physical activity participation, various public health guidelines have been published on the recommended volume and intensity of physical activity for healthy adults."
Prescribing exercise as preventive therapy. (CMAJ. 2006) "There is incontrovertible evidence from observational and randomized trials that regular physical activity contributes to the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease and several other chronic conditions and that it is associated with a reduced risk of premature death.1 Physical activity can be recommended as a preventive therapy to people of all ages."
Probiotics: their role in the treatment and prevention of disease. (Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2006) "A probiotic is a "live microbial food ingredients that, when ingested in sufficient quantities, exerts health benefits on the consumer". Probiotics exert their benefits through several mechanisms; they prevent colonization, cellular adhesion and invasion by pathogenic organisms, they have direct antimicrobial activity and they modulate the host immune response. The strongest evidence for the clinical effectiveness of probiotics has been in their use for the prevention of symptoms of lactose intolerance, treatment of acute diarrhea, attenuation of antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal side effects and the prevention and treatment of allergy manifestations."
Regular exercise, anxiety, depression and personality: A population-based study. (Prev Med. 2006)
Smoking in young men is associated with lower bone mineral density and reduced cortical thickness. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006) "Conclusions: We demonstrate that smoking was associated with lower a BMD and reduced cortical thickness in young men."
Starting down the right path: nutrition connections with chronic diseases of later life. (Am J Clin Nutr. 2006)
The Mediterranean diet: science and practice. (Public Health Nutr. 2006) "Together with regular physical activity and not smoking, our analyses suggest that over 80% of coronary heart disease, 70% of stroke, and 90% of type 2 diabetes can be avoided by healthy food choices that are consistent with the traditional Mediterranean diet.Conclusion: Both epidemiologic and metabolic studies suggest that individuals can benefit greatly by adopting elements of Mediterranean diets."
Vegetables, fruit, and antioxidant-related nutrients and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a National Cancer Institute-Surveillance (Am J Clin Nutr 2006) "Conclusion: Higher intakes of vegetables, lutein and zeaxanthin, and zinc are associated with a lower NHL risk."
Whole grains, bran, and germ in relation to homocysteine and markers of glycemic control, lipids, and inflammation (American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2006) "Conclusion: The results suggest a lower risk of diabetes and heart disease in persons who consume diets high in whole grains."
Whole-grain and fiber intakes and periodontitis risk in men "Conclusion: Increasing whole grain in the diet without increasing total energy intake may reduce periodontitis risk."
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