PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
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PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
NIH - Medical Encyclopedia: Post-traumatic stress disorder
"Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric illness that can occur following a traumatic event in which there was threat of injury or death to you or someone else. … (PTSD) may occur soon after a major trauma, or can be delayed for more than six months after the event. When it occurs soon after the trauma it usually resolves after three months, but some people experience a longer-term form of the condition, which can last for many years. … People with PTSD re-experience the event again and again in at least one of several ways. They may have recurrent distressing dreams and recollections of the event, a sense of reliving the experience (referred to as flashbacks), and/or become very distressed around the time of events that symbolize the event (such as anniversaries)."
Highlighted Article
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Health Status: The Veterans Health Study. (J Ambul Care Manage. 2006)
"The association of PTSD with health status was substantial, suggesting that the burden of PTSD is at least comparable to, and may be worse than, that of depression. Mental health treatment alleviated some of this burden. The potential impact of PTSD on health status should be more widely recognized."
PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
General Information
NEWS:
Anxiety Disorders Tied to Physical Illness "Anxiety disorders are linked to a number of physical problems, including arthritis, migraine headaches, respiratory disease, gastrointestinal issues, allergies, and thyroid disease, a new study finds."
PTSD Can Take Months to Strike Wounded Iraq and Afghanistan Vets "Soldiers wounded during combat in Iraq and Afghanistan often develop post-traumatic stress disorder and depression months after getting out of a hospital, instead of soon after suffering their injuries, a new study found."
ARTICLES:
JAMA patient page. Posttraumatic stress disorder.
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A twin study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and chronic widespread pain. (Pain. 2006)
Adulthood Outcome of Tic and Obsessive-Compulsive Symptom Severity in Children With Tourette Syndrome (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006)
Anxiety in a neglected population: Prevalence of anxiety disorders in pre-adolescent children. (Clin Psychol Rev. 2006) "The rates of diagnosis of 'any anxiety disorder' varied widely between the studies. The minimum figure reported was 2.6%, and the maximum was 41.2%. Separation Anxiety Disorder appeared to be the most common individual anxiety diagnosis in this age group. Anxiety disorders appear to be more common than depressive disorders, and probably also more common than disorders of behaviour. Anxiety disorders are, at the very least, fairly common in pre-adolescent children."
Body mass index relates to males with posttraumatic stress disorder. ( Natl Med Assoc. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: The pervasiveness of overweight and obesity in our PTSD population was profound."
Changes in coping strategies, relationship to the perpetrator, and posttraumatic distress in female crime victims. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
Cognitive and emotion recognition deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Psychiatry Res. 2006) "OCD patients performed more poorly than healthy controls in facial memory tests (especially delayed), as well as in attention and executive functions. The only significant difference between the groups in emotion processing was poorer recognition of sad female faces in patients, who misperceived neutral faces as sad. The results point to memory and executive deficits in addition to a "negative" bias in emotion recognition in OCD patients."
Cognitive dysfunctions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder compared to the patients with schizophrenia patients: Relation to overvalued ideas. (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSION: Overvalued ideas in OCD may be related to cognitive dysfunctions in OCD and this subtype of OCD may have similar characteristics to schizophrenia in terms of cognition."
Comorbidity of anxiety disorders in patients with remitted bipolar disorder. (Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006) "The findings of this study confirm previous observations of the high prevalence and negative impact of comorbid anxiety disorders in bipolar disorder and also demonstrate that the findings are similar in culturally diverse settings."
Comorbidity of obsessive-compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in referred children and adolescents. (Compr Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: A screening for ADHD should be performed in patients with OCD, as these patients and their parents are frequently not aware that the impairment may be partly due to a comorbid ADHD."
Coping, symptoms, and functioning outcomes of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
Correlates of comorbid PTSD and drinking problems among sexual assault survivors. (Addict Behav. 2006)
Cortisol, learning, memory, and attention in relation to smaller hippocampal volume in police officers with posttraumatic stress disorder. (Biol Psychiatry. 2006)
[Epidemiology of panic] (Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2006)
Evidence for low-grade systemic proinflammatory activity in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. (J Psychiatr Res. 2006) "PTSD patients showed a low-grade systemic proinflammatory state, which, moreover, was related to PTSD symptom levels suggesting one mechanism by which PTSD could contribute to atherosclerotic disease."
Examining the Relationship Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Familial Risk Analysis. (Biol Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: These results extend previously reported findings regarding the heritability of both ADHD and OCD and provide new evidence of a familial relationship between ADHD and pediatric OCD that best fits the hypothesis of a unique familial subtype."
Differential relationships of childhood abuse and neglect subtypes to PTSD symptom clusters among adolescent inpatients. (J Trauma Stress. 2006) "Findings of multiple regression analyses showed that emotional and sexual abuse rather than physical abuse, emotional neglect, or physical neglect is related to individual symptom cluster severity and overall posttraumatic stress. Results suggested that a greater level of specificity is necessary when assessing child abuse and posttraumatic stress because each level provides more specific information about how to intervene to reduce the risk of negative outcomes."
Do obsessional beliefs discriminate OCD without tic patients from OCD with tic and Tourette's syndrome patients? (Behav Res Ther. 2006)
Early childhood sleep and eating problems as predictors of adolescent and adult mood and anxiety disorders. (J Affect Disord. 2006)
Epidemiology of trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and co-morbid disorders in Chile. (Psychol Med. 2006) "Results. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD was 4.4% (2.5% for men and 6.2% for women). Among persons exposed to trauma, rape was most strongly associated with PTSD. Onset of PTSD significantly increased the risk of developing each of the 10 other tested disorders. Among those exposed to trauma, women were significantly more likely to develop PTSD, after controlling for assaultive violence."
Female hormones affect symptom severity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006)
Fragile self-esteem and affective instability in posttraumatic stress disorder. (Behav Res Ther. 2006)
Generalised anxiety disorder. (Lancet. 2006) "Generalised anxiety disorder has a relapsing course, and intervention rarely results in complete resolution of symptoms, but in the short term and medium term, effective treatments include psychological therapies, such as cognitive behavioural therapy; self-help approaches based on cognitive behavioural therapy principles; and pharmacological treatments, mainly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors."
Generalized anxiety disorder: A comorbid disease. (Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006)
Generalized anxiety disorder: What are we missing? (Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006) "One of the most prevalent anxiety conditions seen in primary care is generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Numerous physical ailments frequently accompany the psychic symptoms of anxiety, which often drive patients to ask for help. In spite of the high incidence of GAD, only 30% of sufferers are diagnosed. Furthermore, very few patients are prescribed medication or referred to a psychiatrist. The key aim is to ensure the early detection and management of these patients."
Hoarding in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Results from the OCD Collaborative Genetics Study. (Behav Res Ther. 2006) "Hoarding behavior occurs frequently in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Results from previous studies suggest that individuals with OCD who have hoarding symptoms are clinically different than non-hoarders and may represent a distinct clinical group. . The findings suggest that hoarding behavior may help differentiate a distinct clinical subgroup of people with OCD and may aggregate in some OCD families. Indecision may be a risk factor for hoarding in these families."
HPA axis activity in patients with panic disorder: Review and synthesis of four studies. (Depress Anxiety. 2006)
Increased Prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Critical Care Nurses. (Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: ICU nurses have an increased prevalence of PTSD symptoms when compared to other general nurses."
Is obsessive-compulsive disorder an anxiety disorder? (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006)
Let's Talk Facts about Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Neurobiology of anxiety disorders and implications for treatment. (Mt Sinai J Med. 2006)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (BMJ 2006)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder and personality disorder : Evidence from the British National Survey of Psychiatric Morbidity 2000. (Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: Personality pathology is highly prevalent among people with OCD who are living in the community and should be routinely assessed, as it may affect help-seeking behaviour and response to treatment."
Panic attack symptom dimensions and their relationship to illness characteristics in panic disorder (Journal of Psychiatric Research 2006)
Panic comorbidity with bipolar disorder: what is the manic-panic connection? (Bipolar Disord. 2006)
Panic disorder (The Lancet 2006)
Panic disorder during pregnancy and postpartum period. (Eur Psychiatry. 2006) "Conclusions. - Possible reasons for postpartum panic and the protective effects of pregnancy are discussed, including psychosocial or hormonal factors and other neurobiological changes. Postpartum panic coincides with a sudden drop of hormones after delivery."
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression in Battle-Injured Soldiers (Am J Psychiatry 2006)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Health Status: The Veterans Health Study. (J Ambul Care Manage. 2006)
Posttraumatic stress disorder in female veterans with military and civilian sexual trauma. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
Posttraumatic stress disorder part I: historical development of the concept. (Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2006)
Posttraumatic stress disorder: A state-of-the-science review (Journal of Psychiatric Research 2006)
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Clinical Features, Pathophysiology, and Treatment (The American Journal of Medicine 2006) "Posttraumatic stress disorder (PSTD), classified as an anxiety disorder, has become increasingly important because of wars overseas, natural disasters, and domestic violence. After trauma exposes the victim to actual or threatened death or serious injury, 3 dimensions of PTSD unfold: (1) reexperiencing the event with distressing recollections, dreams, flashbacks, and/or psychologic and physical distress; (2) persistent avoidance of stimuli that might invite memories or experiences of the trauma; and (3) increased arousal. Traumatic events sufficient to produce PTSD in susceptible subjects may reach a lifetime prevalence of 50% to 90%. The actual lifetime prevalence of PTSD among US citizens is approximately 8%, with the clinical course driven by pathophysiologic changes in the amygdala and hippocampus. Comorbid depression and other anxiety disorders are common."
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Memory and Learning Performance in Children and Adolescents. (Biol Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: General memory and verbal memory impairments as evidenced in adult populations were observed among this sample of youth. Given the developmental trajectory of memory capabilities, the implications of such early trauma exposure and memory deficits are considered."
Posttraumatic stress following childbirth: A review. (Clin Psychol Rev. 2006)
Posttraumatic Syndromes in Children and Adolescents after Road Traffic Accidents - A Prospective Cohort Study. (Psychopathology. 2006) "Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that even after 'everyday' RTAs, psychological consequences are common. Special attention should be paid to the common occurrence of subsyndromal psychological disturbances and more complex syndromes. The results further indicate the limitations of the PTSD concept in the assessment of posttraumatic disturbances in childhood and adolescence."
Post-traumatic stress disorder : The role of trauma, pre-existing psychiatric disorders, and gender. (Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006) "CONCLUSION: Women do not have a higher vulnerability for PTSD in general. However, especially sexually motivated violence and pre-existing anxiety disorders are the main reasons for higher prevalences of PTSD in women."
Prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder in general practice in denmark, Finland, norway, and sweden. (Psychiatr Serv. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: Of the total percentage of cases of generalized anxiety disorder in general practice (4.8 percent for males and 6.0 percent for females), only one-third to one-half of the cases were identified by the general practitioners."
Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in obsessive-compulsive disorder. (CNS Spectr. 2006)
Psychopathology of panic attacks in panic disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2006)
Role of distinct PTSD symptoms in intimate partner reabuse: A prospective study. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
Serotonin function in panic disorder: important, but why? (Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006)
Sleep disturbances in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder : epidemiology, impact and approaches to management. (CNS Drugs. 2006) "Subjective reports of sleep disturbance indicate that 70-91% of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have difficulty falling or staying asleep. Nightmares are reported by 19-71% of patients, depending on the severity of their PTSD and their exposure to physical aggression. . "
Taking Charge: A Pilot Curriculum of Self-Defense and Personal Safety Training for Female Veterans With PTSD Because of Military Sexual Trauma. (J Interpers Violence. 2006)
The association between childhood abuse, PTSD, and the occurrence of adult health problems: Moderation via current life stress. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
Trajectories of PTSD: A 20-Year Longitudinal Study. (Am J Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the detrimental effects of combat are deep and enduring and follow a complex course, especially in combat stress reaction casualties. The implications of aging and ongoing terror in impeding recovery from the psychological wounds of war are discussed."
Trauma, PTSD, and Substance Use Disorders: Findings From the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. (Am J Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSIONS: It is important that individuals entering treatment for substance use disorder or PTSD be assessed for this comorbidity. The addition of either disorder may present complications that need to be considered for the provision of appropriate treatment."
Verbal and nonverbal memory functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006) "Our findings suggest that both verbal and nonverbal memory are compromised in PTSD."
Verbal and physical aggression in World War II former prisoners of war: Role of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. (J Trauma Stress. 2006)
What can be learnt from the natural history of anxiety disorders? (Eur Psychiatry. 2006) "CONCLUSION: After several decades, participants improve with regard to number of panic attacks, though most continue to have residual symptoms."
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