Bipolar Disorder
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Bipolar Disorder
NIH - Medical Encyclopedia Bipolar disorder
"There are two primary types of bipolar disorder. People with bipolar disorder I have had at least one fully manic episode with periods of major depression. (In the past, bipolar disorder I was called manic depression.) People with bipolar disorder II seldom experience full-fledged mania. Instead they experience periods of hypomania (elevated levels of energy and impulsiveness that are not as extreme as the symptoms of mania). These hypomanic periods alternate with episodes of major depression."
Highlighted ArticleClinical features of bipolar depression versus major depressive disorder in large multicenter trials. (Am J Psychiatry. 2006)
"RESULTS: Bipolar depression was associated with family history of bipolar disorder, an earlier age at onset, a greater previous number of depressive episodes … Fears were more common in patients with bipolar disorder, whereas sadness; insomnia; intellectual (cognitive), somatic (muscular), respiratory, genitourinary complaints; and depressed behavior were more common in patients with unipolar depression."
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Bipolar Disorder
General Information
NEWS:
Circadian Rhythm Linked to Bipolar Disorder "A gene involved in regulating circadian rhythms -- daily rhythms, including the wake/sleep cycle -- may also play a central role in the manic phase of bipolar disorder."
Outcomes for Bipolar Adolescents
ARTICLES:
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
Adult Bipolar Disorder Is Continuous With Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2007)
Bipolar disorder--focus on bipolar II disorder and mixed depression. (Lancet. 2007)
Bipolar obsessive-compulsive disorder and personality disorders (Bipolar Disorders 2007) "Conclusions: Our results point towards clinically relevant effects of comorbid BD on the personality profiles of OCD patients, with higher rates of narcissistic and antisocial personality disorders in BD/OCD patients."
Cognitive and motor features in elderly people with bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
[Comorbid anxiety disorders in bipolar disorder patients: a review.] (Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2007)
Comorbid disorders in patients with bipolar disorder and concomitant substance dependence. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence were associated with different clinical features and comorbid disorders in bipolar patients. The results may help confirm the validity of integrative models of mood, behavioral, anxiety, and personality disorders."
DNA damage in bipolar disorder. (Psychiatry Res. 2007) "The present study showed that BD outpatients present an increased frequency of DNA damage relative to controls. The frequency of DNA damage correlated with the severity of symptoms of depression and mania."
Does cannabis use predict the first incidence of mood and anxiety disorders in the adult population? (Addiction. 2007)
Enhanced cancer risk among patients with bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
Family environment patterns in families with bipolar children. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSION: Families with bipolar children show dysfunctional patterns related to interpersonal interactions and personal growth. A distressed family environment should be addressed when treating children with bipolar disorder."
Imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the increased activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may play a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder."
Impact of anxiety disorder comorbidity on quality of life in euthymic bipolar disorder patients: differences between bipolar I and II subtypes. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
Impaired working memory monitoring in euthymic bipolar patients. (Bipolar Disord. 2007) "Conclusions: These data suggest that patients with BD have a deficit in their ability to monitor the contents of WM. This deficit is not an epiphenomenon of mood, but may be due to enduring brain dysfunction, integral to bipolar illness."
Impulsivity: Differential relationship to depression and mania in bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
Increased mortality among patients admitted with major psychiatric disorders: a register-based study comparing mortality in unipolar depressive disorder, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. (J Clin Psychiatry. 2007)
Lifetime Prevalence of Psychotic and Bipolar I Disorders in a General Population (Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007) "Conclusions Multiple sources of information are essential for accurate estimation of lifetime prevalences of psychotic disorders. The use of comprehensive methods reveals that their lifetime prevalence exceeds 3%."
Longitudinal research on bipolar disorders. (Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc. 2007)
Manic symptoms and impulsivity during bipolar depressive episodes. (Bipolar Disord. 2007)
Neurocognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults with bipolar disorder: Comparison to schizophrenia and normal comparison subjects. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: Among clinically stable middle-aged and older outpatients, bipolar disorder was associated with substantial neurocognitive impairment, with a pattern that was somewhat distinct from that found in schizophrenia. Deficits in the bipolar group were not related to severity or duration of psychiatric symptoms, but were related to quality of life. Bipolar disorder often involve disabling and enduring cognitive impairments in older outpatients."
Neuropsychological deficits and functional impairment in bipolar depression, hypomania and euthymia. (Bipolar Disord. 2007)
Plasma free polyunsaturated fatty acid levels are associated with symptom severity in acute mania (Bipolar Disorders 2007) "Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that, in susceptible persons, low plasma levels of free EPA compared with AA are related to the severity of mania."
Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. ( Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007) " The presentation of bipolar disorder in youth, especially children, is often considered atypical compared with that of the classic adult disorder, which is characterized by distinct phases of mania and depression. Children who receive a diagnosis of bipolar disorder in community settings typically present with rapid fluctuations in mood and behavior, often associated with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and disruptive behavior disorders. Thus, at this time it is not clear whether the atypical forms of juvenile mania and the classic adult form of the disorder represent the same illness. The question of diagnostic continuity has important treatment and prognostic implications."
Preschool Bipolar Disorder: Brazilian children case reports. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "RESULTS: Most (87.5%) presented classical symptoms of mania: euphoria, grandiosity, irritability, psychomotor agitation and agitated sleep or, in the same proportion, sleeplessness. Hyperactivity and increase of energy were found in all eight cases. The clinical course varied from a rapid, ultra-rapid, ultradian cycle to a continued pattern. Five out of eight children (62.5%) presented aggressiveness toward others and one deliberate self-harm. Most (87.5%) had psychiatric family history."
Prodromal symptoms to relapse in bipolar disorder. (Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2007) "Bipolar patients are highly capable of detecting prodromal symptoms to relapse, although they do find the depressive ones harder to identify. Learning detection, coping strategies and idiosyncratic prodromes are elements that should be incorporated into daily clinical practice with bipolar patients."
Residual symptoms in bipolar disorder: The effect of the last episode after remission. (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007) "As a conclusion, bipolar patients recovering from depressive episode may experience more impairment in daily functioning due to residual depressive symptoms and impairment of attention and memory."
Subsyndromal depressive symptoms in patients with bipolar and unipolar disorder during clinical remission. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
Suicide and other causes of mortality in bipolar disorder: a longitudinal study. (Psychol Med. 2007)
The longitudinal polymorphism of bipolar I disorders and its theoretical implications. (J Affect Disord. 2007)
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MetS in patients with bipolar disorder is 58% higher than that reported for the general Spanish population. MetS is associated with BMI. Clinicians should be aware of this issue and appropriately monitor patients with bipolar disorder for MetS as part of the standard of care for these patients."
Three times more days depressed than manic or hypomanic in both bipolar I and bipolar II disorder (Bipolar Disorders 2007) "Results: Percentages of time spent ill for bipolar I versus II patients were: euthymia 47.7% versus 50.2%; depression 36.0% versus 37.0%; hypomania 11.5% versus 9.8%; mania 1.0% versus 0.2%; and cycling 3.7% versus 2.8%. The depression/mania ratio was 2.9 in the bipolar I and 3.8 in bipolar II sub-groups."
White matter abnormalities in children with and at risk for bipolar disorder. (Bipolar Disord. 2007)
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