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Cardiovascular - General

General Information

NEWS:

Artery Disease Poses Immediate Risks "People with artery blockages suffered a surprisingly high incidence of major problems, including death, in the course of a single year, a large international study found. The finding is a clear sign that patients and their doctors aren't being aggressive enough in dealing with the condition, experts say."

Aspirin for Women: Yes or No? "Women who regularly took high-dose aspirin … more than 14 adult-strength tablets a week -- did not get a health benefit. Instead, they were 43% more likely to die from hemorrhagic stroke compared with those who never took aspirin. Hemorrhagic stroke is stroke due to bleeding in the brain … Older women and women with pre-existing risk factors for heart disease got the largest benefit from regular low- or moderate-dose aspirin. … "There are suggestions here that there is a subgroup of women for whom regular aspirin makes sense," Chan tells WebMD. "But no one should take aspirin therapy on her own. This still requires a thorough discussion of individual risks and benefits with a doctor." … "These new findings by Chan et al. cannot overcome the accumulated evidence that aspirin is not particularly effective for the primary prevention of death from cardiovascular disease in women," Baron and colleagues note."

Energy Drinks Jolt the Heart "Energy drinks may boost your blood pressure and heart rate as well as your vitality, researchers say. In a small study, they found that drinking just two cans of a popular drink increased blood pressure and heart rate within four hours. "

Guidelines Issued on Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management "DVT occurs when clots form in the legs. If pieces of these leg clots break off and travel to the lungs, a serious condition called PE can occur."

Health Hazards in Middle-Aged Women with Cardiovascular Disease: A Case-Control Study of Swedish Women. The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) Study. (J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007) "Among psychological and somatic symptoms, nervousness (p < 0.05), difficulty relaxing, crying easily, visual disturbance (p

Nocturnal and Sleep Heart Rates Linked to All-Cause Mortality

ARTICLES:

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

A Randomized Factorial Trial of Vitamins C and E and Beta Carotene in the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women (Arch Intern Med. 2007) "Conclusion There were no overall effects of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, or beta carotene on cardiovascular events among women at high risk for CVD."

Abdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Compartments. Association With Metabolic Risk Factors in the Framingham Heart Study. (Circulation. 2007) "BACKGROUND: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) compartments may confer increased metabolic risk. The incremental utility of measuring both visceral and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SAT) in association with metabolic risk factors and underlying heritability has not been well described in a population-based setting. … CONCLUSIONS: Although both SAT and VAT are correlated with metabolic risk factors, VAT remains more strongly associated with an adverse metabolic risk profile even after accounting for standard anthropometric indexes. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesized role of visceral fat as a unique, pathogenic fat depot. Measurement of VAT may provide a more complete understanding of metabolic risk associated with variation in fat distribution."

Acute emotional stress and cardiac arrhythmias. (JAMA. 2007)

Calcium/Vitamin D Supplementation and Cardiovascular Events (Circulation. 2007) "Conclusions— Calcium/vitamin D supplementation neither increased nor decreased coronary or cerebrovascular risk in generally healthy postmenopausal women over a 7-year use period."

Cardiac Atrophy in Women Following Bed Rest. (J Appl Physiol. 2007) "Conclusions - Cardiac atrophy occurs in women similar to men following sedentary 60 days HDT bed rest. However, exercise training, and to a lesser extent, protein supplementation may be potential countermeasures to the cardiac atrophy associated with chronic unloading conditions such as in space flight and prolonged bed rest."

Cardiovascular Disease and Subsequent Kidney Disease (Arch Intern Med. 2007) "Conclusion Cardiovascular disease is independently associated with kidney function decline and with the development of kidney disease."

Cardiovascular Fitness Is Negatively Associated With Homocysteine Levels in Female Adolescents. (Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007) "CONCLUSION: The results suggest that cardiovascular fitness is negatively associated with homocysteine levels in female adolescents after controlling for potential cofounders including MTHFR 677C>T genotype."

Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Long-term Incidence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration The Blue Mountains Eye Study. (Ophthalmology. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide some evidence of links between cardiovascular risk factors and AMD."

C-reactive protein is associated with heart rate variability. (Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2007) "Conclusion: C-reactive protein and heart rate variability are independently associated. This may support a link between low-grade inflammation and autonomic dysfunction."

Domestic Physical Activity in Relationship to Multiple CVD Risk Factors (American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2007) "Despite its high prevalence, domestic physical activity was not associated with improvements in CVD risk factors. These results suggest that physical activity recommendations may need to focus on physical activities other than those performed in and around the household."

Effect of heart rate on long-term mortality among men and women. (Acta Cardiol. 2007) "RESULTS: Among men, high heart rate (above 75 beats/minute) was associated with excess mortality … CONCLUSIONS: High heart rate is an independent mortality risk marker for men but not for women."

Effect of Low-Dose Aspirin on the Occurrence of Venous Thromboembolism (Annals 2007) "Conclusion: These data suggest that long-term, low-dose aspirin treatment has little effect on the prevention of VTE in initially healthy women."

Effects of Past and Recent Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Level on Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Mortality, Accounting for Measurement Error (Am. J. Epidemiol. 2007) "Results comparing recent and past exposure indicated that past SBP is more important than recent SBP in terms of its effect on coronary heart disease mortality, while both recent and past values seem to be important for effects of cholesterol on coronary heart disease mortality and effects of SBP on stroke mortality. Associations between serum cholesterol concentration and risk of stroke mortality are weak."

[Elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases.] (Internist (Berl). 2007)

Erectile vascular dysfunction and analysis of the risk factors related to it. Clinical experience. (Minerva Endocrinol. 2007)

[Kidney insufficiency and cardiovascular disease.] (Internist (Berl). 2007) "Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic renal disease. Severe cardiac and arterial disorders such as left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, and arteriosclerosis of the large vessels are already evident in early renal disease, even in young patients."

Nutritional effects on blood pressure. (Curr Opin Lipidol. 2007)

Patients with prior myocardial infarction, stroke, or symptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the CHARISMA trial. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007)

Resting heart rate in cardiovascular disease. (J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007) "Pathophysiological studies indicate that a relatively high HR has direct detrimental effects on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis, on the occurrence of myocardial ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias, and on left ventricular function. Studies have found a continuous increase in risk with HR above 60 beats/min. Although it may be difficult to define an optimal HR for a given individual, it seems desirable to maintain resting HR substantially below the traditionally defined tachycardia threshold of 90 or 100 beats/min."

Serum Antioxidants, Inflammation, and Total Mortality in Older Women (American Journal of Epidemiology 2006)

Sodium and potassium intake and risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: the Rotterdam Study. (Eur J Epidemiol. 2007) "Dietary potassium estimated by food frequency questionnaire, however, was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in subjects initially free of CVD and hypertension (RR = 0.71 per standard deviation increase; 95% confidence interval: 0.51-1.00). We observed a significant positive association between urinary sodium/potassium ratio and all-cause mortality, but only in overweight subjects who were initially free of CVD and hypertension (RR = 1.19 (1.02-1.39) per unit)."

The association of bone mineral density measures with incident cardiovascular disease in older adults. (Osteoporos Int. 2007)

Tissue n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and risk for coronary heart disease events. (Atherosclerosis. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: The long-chain n-3 FA, especially DHA, were consistently and significantly reduced in patients experiencing CHD events. These findings add further support to the view that long-chain n-3 FA are cardioprotective."

Venous thromboembolism--a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. (Haematologica. 2007) "INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: The metabolic syndrome may contribute to the development of VTE and is associated with a two-fold increased risk of VTE."

Vitamin D and vascular calcification. (Current Opinion in Lipidology 2007) "Summary: Available data indicate that vitamin D exerts a biphasic 'dose response' curve on vascular calcification with deleterious consequences not only of vitamin D excess but also of vitamin D deficiency."

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