Diet - Health
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Diet and Health
Diets
NEWS:
Apple-shaped? Dieters' destiny may be in their physiology "The most effective weight-loss diet for you may depend upon your physiology, according to a study in today's Journal of the American Medical Association. Heavy people with an apple shape — carrying most of their weight in their midsection — lost a lot more pounds on a diet that slashed processed carbohydrates but included plenty of healthful fats than did people with a similar figure who were put on a low-fat diet, says senior researcher David Ludwig, director of the Optimal Weight for Life Program at Children's Hospital Boston. "This study shows that one diet doesn't necessarily fit all." "
Atkins Diet May Damage Blood Vessels "A study presented at the meeting of the American Heart Association finds that the Atkins diet raises LDL cholesterol levels by an average of 7% to 10%. Markers of inflammation, such as dilation and flexibility of blood vessels, and protein in the blood, increased by as much as 30% to 40% during an 18-month Atkins diet."
Atkins Fares Best in Study Of Four Weight-Loss Regimens "The study by Stanford University researchers compared the Atkins approach with three others: the standard low-fat, reduced-calorie regimen long recommended by many physicians and weight-loss experts; the Zone, a reduced-carbohydrate approach developed by author Barry Sears; and the very low-fat, high-carbohydrate regimen created by Dean Ornish"
Consumer Reports weighs in on popular diets "Top-scoring diets and plans offered weight-loss strategies that included nutritionally balanced menus and avoided demonizing or glorifying any specific types of food. That’s important, experts say, because most people fail with very restrictive diets because they can’t stick with them."
Consumer Reports: Volumetrics Is the Best Diet Plan; Best Life Diet Is Top Book "Volumetrics is based on the research of Penn State nutritional science professor Barbara Rolls, PhD. The Volumetrics diet stresses eating foods with low "energy density" -- that is, foods with relatively few calories per portion. Such foods include fruits, salads, and soups. The Best Life Diet, by personal trainer and exercise physiologist Bob Greene, stresses exercise and gives personalized advice, including recipes and a recommended eating schedule."
Diets Don't Work Long-Term: Most Who Go on Diets Gain Weight Back; Lifestyle Change Needed "Most people who go on diets soon gain back any lost weight, a UCLA study suggests."
Experts warn of detox diet dangers "Because the crash diets can upset blood sugar, potassium and sodium levels in the body, people with diabetes, heart or kidney disease or women who are pregnant or nursing shouldn't try them, experts say. Children, teens, older adults or people with certain digestive conditions should also steer clear. … Many intestinal experts say we don't need an extreme diet to cleanse our insides. “Your body does a perfectly good job of getting rid of toxins on its own,” says Dr. Nasir Moloo, a gastroenterologist with Capitol Gastroenterology Consultants Medical Group in Sacramento, Calif. “There’s no evidence that these types of diets are necessary or helpful.” … And by attempting to flush out the “bad stuff” from our intestines, Sandon warns, you're also "flushing out the good bacteria that keep the intestines healthy.”
Low-Glycemic-Index Diet May Not Benefit Weight Control "For women assigned to either a low-glycemic-index (LGI) or a high-glycemic-index (HGI) diet with a small energy restriction for 18 months, changes in weight were similar in both groups, but changes in lipid levels were better with the LGI diet, according to the results of a study published in the September issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition."
Obesity: weight loss without drugs: a balanced diet avoiding high-calorie foods, plus exercise. (Prescrire Int. 2007)
Reading Diet Articles Could Be Unhealthy
Study Rates Heart Health of Popular Diet Plans "Diets that emphasize a variety of fruits and vegetables scored better than those with a heavy protein focus. The Ornish diet plan came out on top with the most potential to prevent heart disease risk factors. The Atkins diet came in last, lagging behind the Zone and Weight Watchers."
Why I Disagree With this Study: A new comparison of four diets—including mine—is misleading and riddled with problems. "As a result, many people may go on a diet that harms them based on inaccurate information. Other studies also found that people who lost weight on an Atkins diet after six months gained it back after one year."
ARTICLES:
Dietary fiber and control of body weight "Important epidemiological evidence supports the concept that diets rich in fiber (mainly from cereals, legumes, fruits and vegetables) are associated with lower body weight or weight gain. High fiber content is one way by which these diets can protect against metabolic syndrome, Type II-diabetes or cardiovascular disease."
The Best Change You Can Make: Drink Water
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A randomized clinical trial of a standard versus vegetarian diet for weight loss: the impact of treatment preference. (Int J Obes (Lond). 2007)
A randomized trial of a hypocaloric high-protein diet, with and without exercise, on weight loss, fitness, and markers of the Metabolic Syndrome in overweight and obese women. (Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2007) " A high-protein diet was superior to a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet either alone or when combined with an aerobic/resistance-training program in promoting weight loss and nitrogen balance, while similarly improving body composition and risk factors for the Metabolic Syndrome in overweight and obese Canadian women."
Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN Diets for Change in Weight and Related Risk Factors Among Overweight Premenopausal Women (JAMA 2007) "Conclusions In this study, premenopausal overweight and obese women assigned to follow the Atkins diet, which had the lowest carbohydrate intake, lost more weight and experienced more favorable overall metabolic effects at 12 months than women assigned to follow the Zone, Ornish, or LEARN diets. While questions remain about long-term effects and mechanisms, a low-carbohydrate, high-protein, high-fat diet may be considered a feasible alternative recommendation for weight loss."
Effect of a moderately hypoenergetic Mediterranean diet and exercise program on body cell mass and cardiovascular risk factors in obese women. (Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007) "Objective:To assess the effects of a moderately hypoenergetic Mediterranean diet (MHMD) and exercise program on body cell mass (BCM) and cardiovascular disease risk factors in obese women. … Conclusion:BCM was preserved and cardiovascular disease risk factors improved in obese women placed on a MHMD and exercise program for 4 months."
Effect of calorie restriction with or without exercise on body composition and fat distribution. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007) " Conclusion. Exercise plays an equivalent role to CR in terms of energy balance; however it can also improve aerobic fitness which has other important cardiovascular and metabolic implications."
Is dietary restriction beneficial for human health, such as for immune function? (Curr Opin Lipidol. 2007) " SUMMARY: Dietary restriction per se is unlikely to emerge as a feasible long-term strategy to improve human health. Developing dietary restriction mimetics targeting energy metabolism may prove beneficial, not only in aging, but also in diabetes and obesity."
Low glycaemic index or low glycaemic load diets for overweight and obesity. (Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007)
Weight status and perception barriers to healthy physical activity and diet behavior. (Int J Obes (Lond). 2007)
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