PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
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PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
NIH - Medical Encyclopedia: Post-traumatic stress disorder
"Post-traumatic stress disorder is a psychiatric illness that can occur following a traumatic event in which there was threat of injury or death to you or someone else. … (PTSD) may occur soon after a major trauma, or can be delayed for more than six months after the event. When it occurs soon after the trauma it usually resolves after three months, but some people experience a longer-term form of the condition, which can last for many years. … People with PTSD re-experience the event again and again in at least one of several ways. They may have recurrent distressing dreams and recollections of the event, a sense of reliving the experience (referred to as flashbacks), and/or become very distressed around the time of events that symbolize the event (such as anniversaries)."
Highlighted Article
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Health Status: The Veterans Health Study. (J Ambul Care Manage. 2006)
"The association of PTSD with health status was substantial, suggesting that the burden of PTSD is at least comparable to, and may be worse than, that of depression. Mental health treatment alleviated some of this burden. The potential impact of PTSD on health status should be more widely recognized."
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PTSD and Panic, Anxiety, and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders
General Information
NEWS:
Asthma Linked to PTSD "It found patients with the most PTSD symptoms were 2.3 times as likely to have asthma compared with those with the least PTSD symptoms."
Biomarker For PTSD And Why PTSD Is So Difficult To Treat
High Rate of PTSD in Returning Iraq War Veterans "Estimates of the rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among veterans returning from Iraq range from 12% to 20%."
Mental health system ill equipped for PTSD
Physical health problems often accompany PTSD "People who develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after experiencing a disaster may also face an increased risk of physical health problems, Dutch researchers report."
Study: War Trauma May Raise Heart Risks "In PTSD, the body's normal hormonal response to stress becomes trigger-happy, scientists believe. Long after traumatic events, people remain edgy, fearful and prone to nightmares and flashbacks. The continual release of adrenaline prompted by these symptoms may wear down the cardiovascular system, Kubzansky said."
ARTICLES:
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A review of compulsive buying disorder. (World Psychiatry. 2007) "CBD is associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity, particularly mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and other disorders of impulse control. The majority of persons with CBD appear to meet criteria for an Axis II disorder, although there is no special "shopping" personality. Compulsive shopping tends to run in families, and these families are filled with mood and substance use disorders."
Adolescent exposure to recurrent terrorism in Israel: posttraumatic distress and functional impairment. (Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2007)
Age at Sexual Assault And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Women: Prevalence, Correlates, And Implications for Prevention. (J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2007) "Conclusions: The risk of PTSD is slightly higher among those assaulted before the age of 18 compared with those who were assaulted at age >/=18. The adverse effect of sexual assault as a risk for PTSD is a major public health concern. Primary prevention strategies should be in place to detect sexual assault victims and prevent the occurrence of PTSD."
An autistic dimension: A proposed subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Autism. 2007)
Anger experience and expression across the anxiety disorders. (Depress Anxiety. 2007)
Anxiety disorders in primary care: prevalence, impairment, comorbidity, and detection. (Ann Intern Med. 2007) " CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety disorders are prevalent, disabling, and often untreated in primary care. A 2-item screening test may enhance detection."
Anxiety Sensitivity and Panic Attacks: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study. (Behav Modif. 2007)
Assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A review. (J Anxiety Disord. 2007) "Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) affects approximately 2-3% of the adult population and is considered a debilitating and costly disorder, with associated impairments spanning the social, occupational, and familial domains."
Attention and cognition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007) " The results show that patients with OCD have cognitive deficits. The authors hypothesize that these deficits may be interpreted by attentional deficits caused by a dysfunctional anterior cingulate cortex."
Bipolar and nonbipolar obsessive-compulsive disorder: a clinical exploration. (Compr Psychiatry. 2007)
Characteristics and Course of Panic Disorder and Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia in Primary Care Patients. (Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry. 2007)
Characterizing the hoarding phenotype in individuals with OCD: Associations with comorbidity, severity and gender. (J Anxiety Disord. 2007) "Hoarders suffered from significantly more severe OCD symptoms, (especially compulsions) and had greater impairment and dysphoria. Hoarders also had more comorbid psychiatric disorders. Further study revealed that many of these differences were attributable to the female subjects: Compared to female non-hoarders, female hoarders were more likely to suffer from bipolar I, substance abuse, panic disorder, binge-eating disorder, and had greater OCD severity. Male hoarders had an increased prevalence of social phobia compared to non-hoarding males."
Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life Generalized Anxiety Disorder (Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2007) "Conclusion: In this preliminary study, anxious subjects displayed cognitive impairments in short-term memory; while depressed patients compared to normal comparison subjects showed executive dysfunction and more general cognitive impairments not evident in anxious subjects."
[Comorbidity in obsessive-compulsive disorder] (Rev Prat. 2007)
Compulsive buying disorder: a review of the evidence. (CNS Spectr. 2007)
Cognition in anxious children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A comparison with clinical and normal children. (Behav Brain Funct. 2007) "Conclusions: Though requiring replication, findings suggest that ANX + ADHD relates to greater cognitive and academic vulnerability than ANX, but may relate to reduced perception of anger."
Delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review of the evidence. (Am J Psychiatry. 2007)
Diagnosis and treatment of agoraphobia with panic disorder. (CNS Drugs. 2007)
Diagnosis and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder and related disorders. (Int J Clin Pract. 2007) " Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) represent the first-line treatment for OCD and related disorders. However, the time and the doses of the medications used in the treatment of OCD and related disorders differ from those recommended in depressive disorders. In addition, remission is not common for patients with OCD and related disorders in clinical practice, and poor responders as well as refractory cases may benefit from different treatment strategies including integrated treatment, pharmacological augmentation and brain stimulation techniques."
Eating Disorders, Trauma, and Comorbidity: Focus on PTSD. (Eat Disord. 2007)
Facial attractiveness ratings and perfectionism in body dysmorphic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. (J Anxiety Disord. 2007)
Factors associated with major depressive disorder occurring after the onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that psychopathological processes mediated by specific obsessions as well as excessive anxiety and worries may render the neurocircuities more vulnerable to the development of MDD."
Female victims of torture. (J Forensic Leg Med. 2007)
Generalized anxiety disorder: a 40-year follow-up study. (Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007)
Impairment of several immune functions in anxious women. (J Psychosom Res. 2007) " CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest impaired immune function and cytokine release in anxious women. This might be related to increased cortisol secretion, which would lead to oxidative stress reflected in lowered plasma total antioxidant capacity."
Impulsiveness in obsessive-compulsive disorder: results from a family study. (Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2007) "Conclusion: OCD is a severe mental disorder that is characterized by a lack of cognitive inhibition. However, impulsiveness does not represent a familial trait in families of OCD subjects."
Incidence of social anxiety disorder and the consistent risk for secondary depression in the first three decades of life. (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007)
Late-onset obsessive compulsive disorder: Clinical characteristics and psychiatric comorbidity. (Psychiatry Res. 2007)
Learning and memory impairment in PTSD: relationship to depression. (Depress Anxiety. 2007)
Obsession in the Strict Sense: A Helpful Psychopathological Phenomenon in the Differential Diagnosis between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Schizophrenia. (Psychopathology. 2007)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder and obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders: diagnostic and dimensional issues. (CNS Spectr. 2007) "Although obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is classified as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-IV, recent considerations for a reclassification into an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders (OCSDs) cluster are gaining prominence. Similarities in symptomatology, course of illness, patient population, and neurocircuitry of OCD and OCSD are supported by comorbidity, family, and neurological studies, which also offer a critical re-evaluation of the relationship between OCD and anxiety disorders."
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. (Psychopathology. 2007)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in youth with and without a chronic tic disorder. (Depress Anxiety. 2007) "Results suggested that subjects without tics had significantly more contamination obsessions, sexual obsessions, and counting compulsions than youth with comorbid tics. Generally speaking, however, youth with and without tics had similar symptom presentations. These data suggest that pediatric OCD patients with and without comorbid tics may have some aspects of symptom presentation that differ, but generally have more OCD symptoms in common than different."
Oral health status in war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder. (J Oral Rehabil. 2007) " It can be concluded that the oral health condition in PTSD patients is significantly affected compared with the control subjects."
Panic Attacks and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Events Among Postmenopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007) "Conclusion Panic attacks are relatively common among postmenopausal women and appear to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in older women."
Panic disorder in later life: results from a national survey of Canadians. (Int Psychogeriatr. 2007)
Panic disorder with nocturnal panic attacks: Symptoms and comorbidities. (Eur Psychiatry. 2007)
[Phenomenology and co-morbidity of childhood onset obsessive compulsive disorder.] (Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2007) "Results: The mean age of onset for obsessive-compulsive disorders was 11.3 years. In males the onset was slightly earlier than among females, but this difference was not significantly significant. Compulsions mostly referred to washing and cleaning, checking, repeating, ordering, and counting. Most frequently, obsessions included thought about contamination, catastrophes, sexuality, and aggression. According to parental reports, the rate of comorbidity was high (lifetime diagnosis: 69%, current diagnosis: 53%), with anxiety, depressive, hyperkinetic, conduct, and eating disorders being the most frequent co-morbid conditions. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms were more intense in those patients who had a greater number of lifetime diagnoses of other psychiatric disorders."
Postpartum-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder: incidence, clinical features, and related factors. (J Clin Psychiatry. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the puerpe-rium is a risk period in terms of new-onset OCD and that avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders predict PPOCD."
[Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and its relationship with negative cognitive schemas in battered women.] (Psicothema. 2007)
Posttraumatic stress disorder and older women. (J Women Aging. 2007)
Post-traumatic stress disorder. (Occup Med (Lond). 2007)
Post-traumatic stress disorder following disasters: a systematic review. (Psychol Med. 2007)
Prevalence of anxiety disorders in men and women with established coronary heart disease. (J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2007)
Prevalence of depression-PTSD comorbidity: implications for clinical practice guidelines and primary care-based interventions. (J Gen Intern Med. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: PTSD is more common among depressed primary care patients than previously thought. Comorbid PTSD among depressed patients is associated with increased illness burden, poorer prognosis, and delayed response to depression treatment. Providers should consider recommending psychotherapeutic interventions for depressed patients with PTSD."
Previous trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms as predictors of subjective and biological response to stress. (Can J Psychiatry. 2007) "CONCLUSION: Previous trauma exposure did not put individuals at increased risk of biological distress during an acute stress situation. However, previous trauma and reduced social supports were associated with continuing psychological distress, confirming previous research and raising concerns about the cumulative negative effects of traumatic exposure on psychological health in emergency responders."
Prospective Study of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Coronary Heart Disease in the Normative Aging Study (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007) "Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a prospective association between PTSD symptoms and CHD even after controlling for depressive symptoms. These results suggest that a higher level of PTSD symptoms may increase the risk of incident CHD in older men."
[Psychopathological profile of battered women according to age.] (Psicothema. 2007)
Puberty-Linked Anxieties May Lead to Panic Disorder "The more an adolescent reacts with anxiety to physical changes during puberty, the more likely they may be to develop panic disorder as they mature, a new U.S. study says."
Recognition of facial emotions among maltreated children with high rates of post-traumatic stress disorder. (Child Abuse Negl. 2007)
Stress predicts brain changes in children: a pilot longitudinal study on youth stress, posttraumatic stress disorder, and the hippocampus. (Pediatrics. 2007) "OBJECTIVE: Does stress damage the brain? Studies of adults with posttraumatic stress disorder have demonstrated smaller hippocampal volumes when compared with the volumes of adults with no posttraumatic stress disorder. … CONCLUSIONS: Results from this pilot study suggest that stress is associated with hippocampal reduction in children with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and provide preliminary human evidence that stress may indeed damage the hippocampus."
Structural and functional plasticity of the human brain in posttraumatic stress disorder. (Prog Brain Res. 2007)
The effect of anxiety disorder comorbidity on treatment resistant bipolar disorders. (Depress Anxiety. 2007)
Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Brain Dev. 2007)
Tourette syndrome and tic disorders: a decade of progress. (J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007)
Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress in Childhood (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007)
Trauma, PTSD, and physical health: An epidemiological study of Australian Vietnam veterans. (J Psychosom Res. 2008)
Veterans seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: What about comorbid chronic pain? (J Rehabil Res Dev. 2007)
Women, anxiety and mood: a review of nomenclature, comorbidity and epidemiology. (Expert Rev Neurother. 2007)
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