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Schizophrenia
General Information
NEWS:
Hearing 'Messages' Embedded In Noise Could Be Early Sign Of Schizophrenia "Eighty percent of the participants who "heard" phrases of four or more words in length went on to develop a schizophrenia-related illness during times that they were not taking olanzapine, said the lead author, Ralph Hoffman, M.D., associate professor of psychiatry. In contrast, only six percent of those in the study converted to schizophrenia-related illness if the phrases "heard" were less than three words in length."
Pot Ups Risk for Mental Illness "Smoking marijuana can raise your risk of developing a psychotic illness by 40 percent, British researchers say. Marijuana is the most commonly used illegal substance in most countries, including the United States. In fact, some 20 percent of young people report using it at least once a week or more, according to the article in the July 28 issue of The Lancet. … Those who smoked the most marijuana had a twofold to threefold increase in the risk of developing a psychotic problem, Zammit said."
ARTICLES:
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
A comparison of selected risk factors for unipolar depressive disorder, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia from a danish population-based cohort. (J Clin Psychiatry. 2007)
[An error of the educated - split personality and schizophrenia.] (Psychiatr Prax. 2007) "CONCLUSION Mistaking schizophrenia for split personality is an error of the well-educated that is not favourably altered by familiarity with mental illness. Targeting this misconception seems to be difficult and could necessitate a new illness denomination."
Association between facial emotion recognition and odor identification in schizophrenia. (J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007)
Auditory Hallucinations in Those Populations That Do Not Suffer from Schizophrenia. (Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2007)
Brain Volumes in Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007) "Conclusion Brain abnormalities are present in nonpsychotic first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia and are most pronounced in the hippocampus."
Chronic Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenic Patients: MR Analysis of the Coincidence between Functional and Morphologic Abnormalities. (Radiology. 2007) "Conclusion: The middle and superior temporal and the cingular gyri are closely related to the abnormal neural network involved in the auditory emotional dysfunction seen in schizophrenic patients."
Clinical correlates of later violence and criminal offences in schizophrenia. (Schizophr Res. 2007)
Empirical evaluation of language disorder in schizophrenia. (J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2007)
Facial emotion space in schizophrenia. (Cognit Neuropsychiatry. 2008) “Conclusion. We conclude that patients with schizophrenia process facial expressions in a less categorical way which involves impaired recognition of facial expressions. Such a specific impairment may favour false perceptions and lead to the settlement of delusional ideas.”
Health habits of patients with schizophrenia. (Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007)
Hearing a voice in the noise: auditory hallucinations and speech perception. (Psychol Med. 2007)
Hopelessness in schizophrenia: the impact of symptoms and beliefs about illness. (J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007)
Impaired executive performance in healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients in a population-based study. (Schizophr Res. 2007) "In conclusion, in a study of representative, population-based sample the healthy siblings of schizophrenia patients demonstrated deficits in processing speed and executive functions."
Impaired facial emotion recognition and reduced amygdalar volume in schizophrenia. (Psychiatry Res. 2007) "We found that impaired facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia patients is emotion-specific (sadness, surprise, disgust, and anger). Moreover, the volume of each amygdala on either side of the brain was reduced. Finally, we found a correlation between left amygdalar volume and the recognition of sadness in facial expressions. This study demonstrated that amygdala dysfunction may contribute to impaired facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia."
Impaired updating of working memory in schizophrenia. (Int J Psychophysiol. 2007)
Inflammation and schizophrenia. (Expert Rev Neurother. 2007)
Lifelong Course of Positive and Negative Symptoms in Chronically Institutionalized Patients with Schizophrenia. (sychopathology. 2007) "Conclusions: The lifetime course of schizophrenia in chronically institutionalized individuals is characterized by a decrease in positive symptoms and an increase in negative symptoms. Schizophrenia with earlier onset is associated with greater numbers of negative symptoms throughout life. In this sample of patients, chronically hospitalized until death, neuroleptic drugs failed to effect a persistent decrease in positive symptoms.
Mortality among persons with schizophrenia in Sweden: An epidemiological study. (Nord J Psychiatry. 2007)
Mortality in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: An Olmsted County, Minnesota cohort: 1950-2005. (Schizophr Res. 2007) "CONCLUSIONS: Tsuang and colleagues showed in 1975 that mortality in schizophrenics and later, those with schizoaffective disorder was significantly increased compared to the US general population. Thirty years later, with a demographically similar population, we have found the same pattern of increased mortality. In light of continued improvements in the general population's lifespan, the survival gap in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder appears to be increasing."
Neurodegeneration in schizophrenia: evidence from in vivo neuroimaging studies. (ScientificWorldJournal. 2007)
Neuropathology of schizophrenia: A mini review. (Neuropathology. 2007)
On the concept of remission in schizophrenia. (Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007)
Panic symptoms in schizophrenia: Comorbidity and clinical correlates. (Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007)
Pathophysiology of early onset schizophrenia. (Int Rev Psychiatry. 2007) "Early onset schizophrenia (with onset before adulthood) represents a rarer and possibly more severe form of the disorder which has received particular attention in the last two decades."
Plasma homocysteine, folate and B12 in chronic schizophrenia. (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2007) "Elevated plasma levels of the amino acid homocysteine have been associated with schizophrenia, particularly in young male patients. Among other factors, low folate and vitamin B12 levels have been implicated in the increase in homocysteine. … We therefore suggest that homocysteinemia is a general risk factor for schizophrenia. We further suggest that it is not limited to young male patients and is not necessarily associated with low folate or B12 levels."
Risk of malignancy in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: nested case-control study. (Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007) "The increased risk of colon cancer is particularly marked in patients with schizophrenia who take antipsychotic medications."
Schizophrenia, drug companies and the internet. (Soc Sci Med. 2007) "Fifty eight percent of the websites analysed received funding from drug companies. Drug company funded websites were significantly more likely to espouse bio-genetic rather than psycho-social causal explanations, to emphasise medication rather than psycho-social treatments, to portray 'schizophrenia' as a debilitating, devastating and long-term illness, and to link violence to coming off medication. They were neither more nor less likely to describe 'schizophrenics' as violent. These results suggest that the documented influence of the pharmaceutical industry over research, professional organisations, teaching institutions, clinical practice and regulatory bodies may now extend to public promotion, via the internet, of perspectives conducive to maximisation of sales."
Schizophrenia: A Review (Am Fam Physician 2007) "Schizophrenia has a prevalence of 1 percent in all cultures and is equally common in men and women.1 Men typically present with the disease in their late teenage years or early 20s, whereas women generally present in their late 20s or early 30s."
Schizotypal disorder and schizophrenia: A profile analysis of neuropsychological functioning in Japanese patients. (J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007)
Scholastic achievement at age 16 and risk of schizophrenia and other psychoses: a national cohort study. (Psychol Med. 2007)
[Sex-specific differences in schizophrenia] (MMW Fortschr Med. 2007)
Ten-year prospective follow-up study of the mortality by suicide in schizophrenic patients. (Schizophr Res. 2007) "Suicide was the cause of death in more than half (53.9%) of deaths occurring during the first year of follow-up and nearly one-third (31.8%) of those occurring in the ten-year period of the study. There were four significant baseline predictors of suicide remaining in the final logistic regression model: male gender, drug abuse, previous suicide attempts, and short duration of illness. Sex, age, history of suicide attempt should be particularly considered in the assessment of suicide risk in schizophrenic patients. Our findings also emphasize the need for detection and effective management of associated comorbid drug abuse."
The association of schizophrenia with split personality is not an ubiquitous phenomenon : Results from population studies in Russia and Germany. (Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2007)
The dynamic architecture of working memory in schizophrenia. (Schizophr Res. 2007) "CONCLUSION: Schizophrenia patients exhibited normal dynamics but abnormal architecture of working memory (reduced primacy effect), and faster decay of information. These impairments affected equally verbal, spatial and object stimuli and operated with implicit and explicit encoding of the serial position. Although these impairments were not correlated with the clinical picture, they are likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of the difficulties with which schizophrenia patients are faced. Consequently, addressing these specific impairments could alleviate these difficulties."
The significance of family history in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorder. (J Nerv Ment Dis. 2007) "The findings provide evidence that presence of a positive family history in first-episode patients is associated with a more pernicious form of illness."
Very poor outcome schizophrenia: Clinical and neuroimaging aspects. (Int Rev Psychiatry. 2007)
Visual memory errors in schizophrenic patients with auditory and visual hallucinations. (J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007)
What aspects of emotional functioning are impaired in schizophrenia? (Schizophr Res. 2007)
Worsening of psychosis in schizophrenia is longitudinally associated with tardive dyskinesia in the European Schizophrenia Outpatient Health Outcomes study. (Compr Psychiatry. 2007)
Young males have a higher risk of developing schizophrenia: a Danish register study. (Psychol Med. 2007) "Conclusion. Male sex is a major risk factor for the development of schizophrenia."
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