Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar Disorder

NIH - Medical Encyclopedia Bipolar disorder

"There are two primary types of bipolar disorder. People with bipolar disorder I have had at least one fully manic episode with periods of major depression. (In the past, bipolar disorder I was called manic depression.) People with bipolar disorder II seldom experience full-fledged mania. Instead they experience periods of hypomania (elevated levels of energy and impulsiveness that are not as extreme as the symptoms of mania). These hypomanic periods alternate with episodes of major depression."

Highlighted Article

Clinical features of bipolar depression versus major depressive disorder in large multicenter trials. (Am J Psychiatry. 2006)

"RESULTS: Bipolar depression was associated with family history of bipolar disorder, an earlier age at onset, a greater previous number of depressive episodes … Fears were more common in patients with bipolar disorder, whereas sadness; insomnia; intellectual (cognitive), somatic (muscular), respiratory, genitourinary complaints; and depressed behavior were more common in patients with unipolar depression."

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Bipolar Disorder

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NEWS:

Bipolar Teens at Greater Risk of Substance Abuse “"It indicates both that young people with BPD (bipolar disorder) need to carefully be screened for smoking and for substance use and abuse and that adolescents known to abuse drugs and alcohol -- especially those who binge use -- should also be assessed for BPD," said Wilens, who is also an associate professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.”

Early bipolar disorder often persists to adulthood “New study findings show that close to half of children diagnosed with bipolar I disorder continued to have manic episodes as young adults and also have a high rate of substance abuse. "Our findings support that children with bipolar I disorder become adults with bipolar I disorder, thus adding validation for the existence of the child bipolar I disorder diagnosis," lead author Dr. Barbara Geller noted in correspondence with Reuters Health. "Families frequently ask about prognosis, and these findings allow clinicians to have a database for informing families of the poor prognosis." Bipolar I disorder, the "classic" form of the illness, involves recurrent episodes of mania and depression that usually recur across the lifespan, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Between episodes, most people with bipolar disorder are free of symptoms However, up to 33 percent may have residual symptoms and a small percentage will have chronic unremitting symptoms, despite treatment. “

How Does the Brain Differ in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder vs Severe Irritability and ADHD?

Huge Risk for Substance Abuse Found Among Teens With Bipolar Disorder “A case-control study in youth with bipolar disorder with a mean age of 14 years found a significantly higher risk of substance-use disorder (drug or alcohol abuse or dependence) (31%) compared with controls (4%).”

Welcome to Max’s World: Bipolar disorder is a mystery and a subject of medical debate. But for the Blakes, it's just reality.

ARTICLES:

Bipolar Disorder: Fast Facts

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

Antidepressant-Associated Mood Elevations in Bipolar II Disorder Compared With Bipolar I Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (J Clin Psychiatry. 2008)

Emotional memory in bipolar disorder. (Br J Psychiatry. 2008)

Norepinephrine and serotonin imbalance in the locus coeruleus in bipolar disorder. (Bipolar Disord. 2008)

Older fathers linked with bipolar “Older fathers are more likely to have children with bipolar disorder, research suggests. The risk goes up when men are older than 29 before they start their family, and is highest if they are over 55. Increasing paternal age has already been linked with schizophrenia and autism, but not bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression. The Swedish study, in Archives of Psychiatry, suggests the risk may, in part, be explained by ageing sperm.”

Prevalence and correlates of physical and sexual abuse in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. (J Affect Disord. 2008) “LIMITATIONS: Retrospective data. Also, since this is a cross-sectional study, no inferences regarding causality can be made. CONCLUSION: Sexual and/or physical abuse is common in youth with BP particularly in subjects with comorbid PTSD, psychosis, or CD. Prompt identification and treatment of these youth is warranted.”

Psychotic phenomena in 257 young children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder: delusions and hallucinations (benign and pathological). (Bipolar Disord. 2008) “…The most common delusion was grandiose … Conclusions: Counterintuitively, psychosis was equally prevalent in 6-9 compared to 10-16 year-olds. High prevalence of psychosis in child BP-I warrants focus in intervention strategies and is consistent with increasing evidence of the severity of child-versus adult-onset BP-I.”

Rapid cycling bipolar disorders in primary and tertiary care treated patients (Bipolar Disorders 2008) “Conclusions: Lifetime history of RC is highly prevalent in both primary and tertiary settings. Even primary care treated subjects with lifetime history of RC seem to suffer from a more complicated and less treatment-responsive variant of bipolar disorder.”

Rapid switching of mood in families with familial bipolar disorder. (Bipolar Disord. 2008)

revalence and correlates of eating disorder co-morbidity in patients with bipolar disorder (Psychiatry Research 2008) “These findings indicate that eating disorder symptoms are prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder and are associated with obesity and other psychiatric morbidity. Screening for eating disorders in bipolar patients is warranted, as intervention may minimize distress and improve treatment outcome.”

Suicide behavior and neuropsychological assessment of type I bipolar patients. (J Affect Disord. 2008)

Suicide risk in rapid cycling bipolar patients. (J Affect Disord. 2008)

Update on pediatric bipolar disorder. (Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2007 )

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