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Caffeine, Coffee, and Soft Drinks

NEWS:

Caffeine Experts Call For Warning Labels For Energy Drinks “Johns Hopkins scientists who have spent decades researching the effects of caffeine report that a slew of caffeinated energy drinks now on the market should carry prominent labels that note caffeine doses and warn of potential health risks for consumers.”

Caffeine Increases Risk of Miscarriage, Study Finds “Those women who consumed 200 milligrams of caffeine or more a day were about twice as likely to miscarry, the researchers report today on the Web site of the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. That's about the amount of caffeine in two five-ounce cups of coffee, five 12-ounce cans of soda or six five-ounce cups of tea, Li said. The findings are consistent with those of earlier studies, which have found an increased risk of miscarriage from daily consumption of about 150 to 300 milligrams of caffeine, Li said. … "Avoiding [caffeine] may be even better. Consider switching to decaffeinated coffee and other decaffeinated beverages during your pregnancy," she said. "Learn to perk up instead with natural energy boosts, like a brisk walk, yoga stretches, snacking on dried fruits and nuts." “

"Caffeine Intoxication" Cases On Rise “"The vast majority of people who experienced some sort of intoxication from caffeine, it's the mild, mild systems," Church observed. "We're talking about some nausea, headache, heart palpitations. People experience insomnia and anxiety. Also, people can experience some daily headaches. "But it's sort of further down the line where we get concerned as emergency room physicians and as toxicologists. The nausea can lead to intractable vomiting -- vomiting that just isn't necessarily very well-controlled with routine medications we give in the emergency department. People who have predisposed seizure conditions can be at risk for having seizures. People with predisposed heart conditions can have potentially life-threatening abnormal rhythms in their heart." “

Cancer-causing Benzene Is Still Elevated In Certain Drinks

Children's Consumption Of Sugar-sweetened Beverages

Coffee 'worsens poor fertility' “Drinking too much coffee can lower the odds of a woman with fertility problems getting pregnant, a study suggests. Dutch researchers followed 9,000 women who had received IVF to see if they fell pregnant naturally. Around one in seven did, but drinking more than four cups of coffee a day cut chances of conceiving by around 26%. Experts said the findings, presented to a European conference, only applied to women with poor fertility who wanted to maximise their chances of pregnancy. “

Cola May Be Bad to the Bones “The exact mechanism behind the problem isn't clear, but experts believe that drinking soda -- particularly colas -- affects bone density in several ways. One reason may be that people who drink colas are simply less likely to get enough calcium and vitamin D in their diets, because the soda is replacing more nutritious beverages, such as milk or calcium-fortified juice. Or, it could be related to the caffeine in colas, because caffeine has been linked to a higher risk of osteoporosis. The third possible explanation focuses on one of the ingredients found in colas: phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid can cause an imbalance in the body as the body seeks to neutralize the acid with calcium. If there isn't enough calcium in the diet, the body will take calcium from the bones.“

Could Unsweetened Drinks Save You Some Pain?“In a study, the more of a common soft-drink sweetener called fructose that men consumed, the greater their chances of gout.”

Cut caffeine, pregnant women told “Pregnant women should cut their caffeine intake and drink no more than two cups of coffee or four cups of tea a day, a government agency has advised. The Food Standards Agency (FSA) has lowered its recommended levels of the stimulant from a maximum of 300mg a day to 200mg - a reduction of a third. It follows research by Leicester and Leeds universities linking caffeine to babies born with low birth weight. “

Daily caffeine 'protects brain' “Coffee may cut the risk of dementia by blocking the damage cholesterol can inflict on the body, research suggests. The drink has already been linked to a lower risk of Alzheimer's Disease, and a study by a US team for the Journal of Neuroinflammation may explain why. … "Caffeine appears to block several of the disruptive effects of cholesterol that make the blood-brain barrier leaky," said Dr Jonathan Geiger, who led the study. "High levels of cholesterol are a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, perhaps by compromising the protective nature of the blood brain barrier. "Caffeine is a safe and readily available drug and its ability to stabilise the blood brain barrier means it could have an important part to play in therapies against neurological disorders." “

Dietary fructose and the metabolic syndrome. “Recent findings: Recent animal studies have confirmed the link between fructose feeding and increased plasma uric acid, a potentially causative factor in metabolic syndrome. Advanced glycation end products are also implicated because of their direct protein modifications and indirect effects on inflammation and oxidative stress. Human studies have demonstrated fructose's ability to change metabolic hormonal response, possibly contributing to decreased satiety.“

Fructose consumption as a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (J Hepatol. 2008) “CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenic mechanism underlying the development of NAFLD may be associated with excessive dietary fructose consumption.”

Fructose Intake Has Increased to More Than 10% of Daily Energy in US Diet “"Sadly, less than 20% of the fructose in the American diet is consumed in natural form from fruits and vegetables," Dr. Dansinger told Medscape. "In fruits and vegetables, fructose is not highly concentrated and is accompanied by fiber and other healthy nutrients. These foods are low in calories and they decrease hunger and appetite, and they help maintain a healthy body weight." "In contrast, the fructose added to soft drinks and processed foods typically lead to increased calorie intake and possible weight gain because the fructose is not accompanied by comparable amounts of fiber or other nutrients that promote healthy weight," Dr. Dansinger said. "Instead, the fructose acts as an unhindered appetite stimulant. In this regard, fruit juice is much like a soft drink because the fiber is lacking and the fructose is much more highly concentrated that in the original fruit." “

Fructose Sets Table For Weight Gain Without Warning “Eating too much fructose can induce leptin resistance, a condition that can easily lead to becoming overweight when combined with a high-fat, high-calorie diet, according to a new study with rats.”

Gout surge blamed on sweet drinks

Health effects of soda drinking in adolescent girls in the United Arab Emirates. (J Crit Care. 2008)

Post-exercise Caffeine Helps Muscles Refuel

Red Bull drink lifts stroke risk: Australian study “Just one can of the popular stimulant energy drink Red Bull can increase the risk of heart attack or stroke, even in young people, Australian medical researchers said on Friday. The caffeine-loaded beverage, popular with university students and adrenaline sport fans to give them "wings," caused the blood to become sticky, a precursor to cardiovascular problems such as stroke. "One hour after they drank Red Bull, (their blood systems) were no longer normal. They were abnormal like we would expect in a patient with cardiovascular disease," lead researcher Scott Willoughby, from the Cardiovascular Research Centre at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, told the Australian newspaper.”

The Relationship of Coffee Consumption with Mortality (Annals 2008)

ARTICLES:

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

Caffeine and headaches. (Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2008) “Chronic repetitive exposures to caffeine increase the risks for development of analgesic-overuse headache, chronic daily headache, and physical dependency. Cessation of caffeine use after chronic exposures leads to a withdrawal syndrome with headache as a dominant symptom. At dosages achieved by common dietary intake, caffeine acts as a potent antagonist of central and peripheral nervous system adenosine receptors. The complex effects of caffeine on headache disorders suggest important roles for adenosine in these disorders and in the induction of caffeine dependency.”

Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness (Sleep Medicine Reviews 2008) “Further, children and adolescents, while reporting lower daily, weight-corrected caffeine intake, similarly experience sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness associated with their caffeine use. The risks to sleep and alertness of regular caffeine use are greatly underestimated by both the general population and physicians.”

Coffee Consumption and Coronary Calcification. The Rotterdam Coronary Calcification Study. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008)

High sucrose intake is associated with poor quality of diet and growth between 13 months and 9 years of age: the special Turku Coronary Risk Factor Intervention Project. (Pediatrics. 2008)

Increasing caloric contribution from sugar-sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juices among US children and adolescents, 1988-2004. (Pediatrics. 2008)

Maternal Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Caffeine Consumption during Pregnancy in Relation to a Son's Risk of Persistent Cryptorchidism: A Prospective Study in the Child Health and Development Studies Cohort, 1959–1967 (American Journal of Epidemiology 2008) “Compared with mothers of controls, mothers of cryptorchid boys consumed more caffeine during pregnancy (odds ratio = 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.9 for an interquartile range equivalent to three cups of coffee per day) but were not more likely to smoke or drink alcohol when all behaviors were considered together.”

Sugary Soda Consumption and Albuminuria: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999–2004 (PLoS ONE 2008)

Sugar-added beverages consumption among kindergarten children of Crete: effects on nutritional status and risk of obesity. (BMC Public Health. 2008) “CONCLUSIONS: High intake of sugar-added beverages in kindergarten children is associated with poor eating habits and inadequate nutrient intake, as well as increased risk for developing childhood obesity.”

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