Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar Disorder

NIH - Medical Encyclopedia Bipolar disorder

"There are two primary types of bipolar disorder. People with bipolar disorder I have had at least one fully manic episode with periods of major depression. (In the past, bipolar disorder I was called manic depression.) People with bipolar disorder II seldom experience full-fledged mania. Instead they experience periods of hypomania (elevated levels of energy and impulsiveness that are not as extreme as the symptoms of mania). These hypomanic periods alternate with episodes of major depression."

Highlighted Article

Clinical features of bipolar depression versus major depressive disorder in large multicenter trials. (Am J Psychiatry. 2006)

"RESULTS: Bipolar depression was associated with family history of bipolar disorder, an earlier age at onset, a greater previous number of depressive episodes … Fears were more common in patients with bipolar disorder, whereas sadness; insomnia; intellectual (cognitive), somatic (muscular), respiratory, genitourinary complaints; and depressed behavior were more common in patients with unipolar depression."

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Bipolar Disorder

Diagnosis, Imaging, and Screening

NEWS:

Bipolar Disorder 'misdiagnosed In A Quarter Of Cases' “They found that over 25% of the patients with bipolar disorder had initially had their condition misdiagnosed as unipolar depression. Misdiagnosis often occurs because the symptoms of bipolar disorder overlap with depression and other psychiatric disorders. However, misdiagnosis can cause serious problems. For example, if people are wrongly prescribed antidepressants this can make their bipolar illness worse.”

If Bipolar Disorder Is Over-Diagnosed, What Are The Actual Diagnoses?

ARTICLES:

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

Amygdala volume and verbal memory performance in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. (Cogn Behav Neurol. 2009)

Anterior cingulate cortex abnormalities associated with a first psychotic episode in bipolar disorder. (Br J Psychiatry. 2009)

Bipolar Disorder Amongst Children And Adolescents Receive Late Diagnosis

Borderline personality disorder and the misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder. (J Psychiatr Res. 2009)

Corpus callosum size and shape alterations in individuals with bipolar disorder and their first-degree relatives. (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2009)

Corpus callosum size and shape in established bipolar affective disorder. (Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2009)

Early Mood Swings as Symptoms of the Bipolar Prodrome: Preliminary Results of a Retrospective Analysis. (Psychopathology. 2009)

Limbic and Corpus Callosum Aberrations in Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder: A Tract-Based Spatial Statistics Analysis. (Biol Psychiatry. 2009) “CONCLUSIONS: Significant white matter tract alterations in adolescents with BD were observed in regions involved in emotional, behavioral, and cognitive regulation. These results suggest that alterations in white matter are present early in the course of disease in familial BD.”

Structural abnormalities of ventrolateral and orbitofrontal cortex in patients with familial bipolar disorder. (Bipolar Disord. 2009) “CONCLUSION: Abnormalities of the ventral prefrontal cortex are likely to be involved in the aetiopathology of bipolar disorder, while hallucinations appear to be more closely associated with temporal lobe abnormality, extending earlier work in schizophrenia.”

White matter abnormalities in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia detected using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging. (Bipolar Disord. 2009) “CONCLUSIONS: Reduced integrity of the ALIC, uncinate fasciculus, and ATR regions is common to both schizophrenia and BD. These results imply an overlap in white matter pathology, possibly relating to risk factors common to both disorders.”

White matter microstructural impairments and genetic liability to familial bipolar I disorder. (Br J Psychiatry. 2009)

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