Aging - Anti-Aging
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InfoMedSearch: Aging and Anti-Aging
PREVENT: FALLS, NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES, DEHYDRATION, HEAT STROKE
PROMOTE: MENTAL AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Falls
NIH - Falls “A fall can change your life. If you're elderly, it can lead to disability and a loss of independence. If your bones are fragile from osteoporosis, you could break a bone, often a hip. But aging alone doesn't make people fall. Diabetes and heart disease affect balance. So do problems with circulation, thyroid or nervous systems. Some medicines make people dizzy. Eye problems or alcohol can be factors. Any of these things can make a fall more likely. … Falls and accidents seldom "just happen." Taking care of your health by exercising and getting regular eye exams and physicals may help reduce your chance of falling. Getting rid of tripping hazards in your home and wearing nonskid shoes may also help. To reduce the chances of breaking a bone if you do fall, make sure that you get enough calcium and vitamin D. “
NIH - Falls and Older Adults “More than one in three people age 65 years or older falls each year. The risk of falling -- and fall-related problems -- rises with age.”
Highlighted Articles
The functional effects of physical exercise training in frail older people : a systematic review. (Sports Med. 2008) “This systematic review suggests that older adults with different levels of abilities can improve their functional performance by regular exercise training.”
Astronaut Technology Could Prevent Elderly Falls “The National Osteoporosis Foundation estimates 300,000 people annually suffer hip fractures, which are often caused by falls. An average of 24 percent of hip fracture patients age 50 and over die within a year of the fracture. Many fall victims who don't die within a year end up being disabled the rest of their lives. "It's a huge issue," said Elinor Ginzler of the AARP. "It significantly impairs your ability to stay independent, which is what people want." “
Brain injuries from falls a deadly risk for seniors “Arias said that as the numerous baby boom generation hits retirement age, more people will fall and either die or require expensive hospital care. "CDC has developed tips and suggestions for older adults, their caregivers, health care providers, and communities to help prevent falls," Arias said. These include reducing floor clutter and providing better lighting as well as regular exercise to maintain strength and balance. More information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/preventingfalls/.“
A typology of oral hydration problems exhibited by frail nursing home residents. (J Gerontol Nurs. 2006) "Dehydration remains a substantial problem for nursing home residents, often with poor health outcomes. … Dehydration events occurred in 31% (11 of 35) of residents during the 6-month period."
Strategies for ensuring good hydration in the elderly. (Nutr Rev. 2005) "Dehydration is a frequent etiology of morbidity and mortality in elderly people. It causes the hospitalization of many patients and its outcome may be fatal. Indeed, dehydration is often linked to infection, and if it is overlooked, mortality may be over 50%. Older individuals have been shown to have a higher risk of developing dehydration than younger adults. Modifications in water metabolism with aging and fluid imbalance in the frail elderly are the main factors to consider in the prevention of dehydration. Particularly, a decrease in the fat free mass, which is hydrated and contains 73% water, is observed in the elderly due to losses in muscular mass, total body water, and bone mass. Since water intake is mainly stimulated by thirst, and since the thirst sensation decreases with aging, risk factors for dehydration are those that lead to a loss of autonomy or a loss of cognitive function that limit the access to beverages."
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Aging and Anti-Aging
Risk Factors
NEWS:
Bad Habits Can Age You by 12 Years, Study Suggests “Four common bad habits combined - smoking, drinking too much, inactivity and poor diet - can age you by 12 years, sobering new research suggests.”
Brain may age faster in people whose hearts pump less blood
Chronic high cholesterol diet produces brain damage “The results showed that chronic hypercholesterolemia caused memory impairment, cholinergic dysfunction, inflammation, enhanced cortical beta-amyloid and tau and induced microbleedings, all indications, which resemble an Alzheimer's disease-like pathology.”
Combined Unhealthy Behaviors Associated With 4-Fold Increased Risk for Death “Smoking, lack of physical activity, poor diet, and alcohol consumption, when their effect is considered collectively, appear to be associated with a substantially increased risk for death, according to a new study.”
Declining Cardiac Function Accelerates Brain Aging “The mechanism for associations between cardiac index and markers of brain aging is unknown. However, the study authors suggest reduced systemic blood flow may contribute to subclinical brain injury because of its impact on cerebral blood flow homeostasis.”
Going Barefoot in Home May Contribute to Elderly Falls “"Our findings show that older people going barefoot, wearing only socks, or wearing slippers may be at considerably increased risk of falls in their homes," says senior author Marian T. Hannan, D.Sc., M.P.H., co-director of the Musculoskeletal Research Center at the Institute for Aging Research. "Therefore, older people should wear shoes at home whenever possible to minimize their risk of falling."”
Hearing Loss in Elderly May Be Linked to Folate Deficiency
Heart Rate Measures May Predict Increased Risk for Kidney Damage
Low Vitamin D Linked to the Metabolic Syndrome in Elderly People “A new study adds to the mounting evidence that older adults commonly have low vitamin D levels and that vitamin D inadequacy may be a risk factor for the metabolic syndrome, a condition that affects one in four adults.”
Risk for Low-Dose Aspirin-Associated Peptic Ulcer Higher in Elderly Women
Vitamin D Deficiency Linked to Cognitive Impairment in Older Women “Vitamin D deficiency is common in the general population but is rampant among the elderly. According to Dr. Annweiler, it is estimated that 70% to 80% of individuals older than 75 years are vitamin D deficient. Currently, adequate intakes of vitamin D for 51- to 70-year-olds are 400 IU per day and 600 IU for those older than 70 years to maintain a 25OHD level of 30 ng/mL or more. However, Dr. Annweiler noted that these recommendations are based primarily on preservation of bone health alone. The reason the elderly are more vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency than younger individuals are several-fold and include decreased exposure to sunlight and inadequate dietary intake. In addition, said Dr. Annweiler, the skin of older people is not as efficient at synthesizing UV-B rays into vitamin D. "This study provides more evidence to support [vitamin D] supplementation in our elderly patients to normalize serum concentrations and help sustain good health. Although we are not certain yet, it may be that this will also be a viable way to prevent or treat cognitive impairment and possibly turn out to be a new management strategy for dementia," said Dr. Annweiler.”
ARTICLES:
JOURNAL ARTICLES:
APOE 4 Genotype and Longitudinal Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow in Normal Aging (Arch Neurol. 2010) “Conclusions Our findings suggest that APOE 4–mediated risk for Alzheimer disease is associated with widespread decline in rCBF over time that precedes the onset of dementia. Accelerated rates of decline in brain function in APOE 4 carriers may contribute to an increased risk for Alzheimer disease and a younger age at onset.”
Heat-related mortality in residents of nursing homes (Age and Ageing 2010) “Conclusion: high ambient temperature was associated with an increased mortality risk in all analysed subgroups of the nursing home population. Medical competence and supervision are available in nursing homes and should, therefore, be favourable preconditions for the implementation of preventive measures.”
Iron Leads to Memory Impairment that is Associated with a Decrease in Acetylcholinesterase Pathways. (Curr Neurovasc Res. 2010)
Low Free Testosterone Predicts Frailty in Older Men: The Health in Men Study. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010)
Meta-analysis: Excess Mortality After Hip Fracture Among Older Women and Men (Annals 2010) “Conclusion: Older adults have a 5- to 8-fold increased risk for all-cause mortality during the first 3 months after hip fracture. Excess annual mortality persists over time for both women and men, but at any given age, excess annual mortality after hip fracture is higher in men than in women.”
Quadriceps sarcopenia and visceral obesity are risk factors for postural instability in the middle-aged to elderly population. (Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2010)
Reduced cerebral blood flow in older men with higher levels of blood pressure. (J Hypertens. 2010)
Vitamin D insufficiency and frailty syndrome in older adults living in a Northern Taiwan community. (Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2010)
Tooth loss and periodontal disease predict poor cognitive function in older men. (J Am Geriatr Soc. 2010) “CONCLUSION: Risk of cognitive decline in older men increases as more teeth are lost. Periodontal disease and caries, major reasons for tooth loss, are also related to cognitive decline.”
Visceral fat is associated with lower brain volume in healthy middle-aged adults (Annals of Neurology 2010)
Vitamin D and Risk of Cognitive Decline in Elderly Persons (Arch Intern Med. 2010) “Conclusion Low levels of vitamin D were associated with substantial cognitive decline in the elderly population studied over a 6-year period, which raises important new possibilities for treatment and prevention.”
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