Colorectal Cancer

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Colorectal Cancer

Risk Reduction

NEWS:

Exercise Your Way to a Healthier Colon

Magnesium May Reduce Men’s Colon Cancer Risk

Omega-3 May Safely Treat Precancerous Bowel Polyps “Treatment with a specific type of omega-3 fatty acid can shrink the number and size of precancerous polyps in people at high genetic risk of developing bowel cancer, British researchers say. The study authors reported that the new treatment appears to work as well as a drug called celecoxib (Celebrex), which is prescribed for patients with bowel polyps linked to their genetic risk, but it doesn't cause heart-related side effects. The study, published online March 18 in the journal Gut, examined 55 patients with a high genetic risk of developing precancerous polyps in the bowel. The condition, known as familial adenomatous polyposis, puts people at much higher risk of developing bowel cancer and needing surgery. “

ARTICLES:

Focus on Fiber “The idea that fiber protects against colon cancer was first proposed many years ago when researchers found that Africans who ate high fiber diets had a low incidence of colon cancer. Since then dozens of studies have supported the protective role of fiber. There are plenty of reasons fiber might lower colon cancer risk: Fiber increases fecal bulk and may dilute potential cancer-causing substances; fiber reduces the time the stool spends in the intestine, which might limit the colon's exposure to carcinogens. Fiber may also alter the intestinal environment in other beneficial ways. Yet, several recent studies have cast doubt on the theory that fiber protects against colon cancer. “

Preventing Colon Cancer With Exercise

JOURNAL ARTICLES:

Association of adherence to lifestyle recommendations and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective Danish cohort study (BMJ 2010) “Adherence to the recommendations for physical activity, waist circumference, smoking, alcohol intake, and diet may reduce colorectal cancer risk considerably, and in this population 23% of the cases might be attributable to lack of adherence to the five lifestyle recommendations.”

Change in Physical Activity and Colon Cancer Incidence and Mortality (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010)

Effects of supplemental vitamin D and calcium on oxidative DNA damage marker in normal colorectal mucosa: a randomized clinical trial. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010)

Intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and use of multiple vitamin supplements and risk of colon cancer: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. (Cancer Causes Control. 2010) “Modest inverse associations with vitamin C and E intakes may be due to high correlations with folate intake, which had a similar inverse association with colon cancer. An inverse association with multivitamin use, a major source of folate and other vitamins, deserves further study.”

Physical activity and gastrointestinal cancer prevention. (Recent Results Cancer Res. 2011)

Primary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer (Gastroenterology 2010) “For example, several studies have shown that high intake of red and processed meats, highly refined grains and starches, and sugars is related to increased risk of colorectal cancer. Replacing these factors with poultry, fish, and plant sources as the primary source of protein; unsaturated fats as the primary source of fat; and unrefined grains, legumes and fruits as the primary source of carbohydrates is likely to lower risk of colorectal cancer. Although a role for supplements, including vitamin D, folate, and vitamin B6, remains uncertain, calcium supplementation is likely to be at least modestly beneficial. With respect to lifestyle, compelling evidence indicates that avoidance of smoking and heavy alcohol use, prevention of weight gain, and maintenance of a reasonable level of physical activity are associated with markedly lower risks of colorectal cancer. Medications such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and postmenopausal hormones for women are associated with substantial reductions in colorectal cancer risk, though their utility is affected by associated risks.”

Soy Consumption and Colorectal Cancer Risk in Humans: A Meta-Analysis (Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2010) “Thus, consumption of soy foods may be associated with a reduction in colorectal cancer risk in women, but not in men.”

Vitamin B6 and Risk of Colorectal Cancer (JAMA. 2010) “Conclusion Vitamin B6 intake and blood PLP levels were inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in this meta-analysis.”

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