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Cardiovascular - GeneralDiagnosis, Imaging, and ScreeningNEWS:Automated Office Blood Pressure. (Can J Cardiol. 2012) “Manual blood pressure (BP) is gradually disappearing from clinical practice with the mercury sphygmomanometer now considered to be an environmental hazard. Manual BP is also subject to measurement error on the part of the physician/nurse and patient-related anxiety which can result in poor quality BP measurements and office-induced (white coat) hypertension.” ARTICLES:Blood Pressure Supine Vs. Standing JOURNAL ARTICLES:A comparison of the twenty-four-hour blood pressure profile in normotensive and hypertensive subjects (Journal of Hypertension 1991) Automatic office blood pressure measured without doctors or nurses present. (Blood Press Monit. 2012) Effects of diaphragmatic breathing on ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate. (Biomed Pharmacother. 2003) “DB was found to reduce systolic (S) BP. Overall, SBP decreased by 5.9 +/- 0.8 mmHg (P < 0.001) and diastolic (D) BP by 1.4 +/- 0.8 mmHg (P < 0.005), while HR remained at about the same average. The effect of DB on BP was CD-dependent, the largest response occurring in the afternoon, 2-3 h before the peaks in SBP and DBP found in the reference data of the same subject. There was also a 5-10% decrease in SBP around the weekend (Friday, Saturday and Sunday).” Evaluation of Blood Pressure Measurement and Agreement in an Academic Health Sciences Center (The Journal of Clinical Hypertension 2012) Exaggerated blood pressure response during exercise treadmill testing: functional and hemodynamic features, and risk factors (Hypertension Research 2012) How does deep breathing affect office blood pressure and pulse rate? (Hypertens Res. 2005) “In both groups, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse rate (PR) were significantly reduced after DB or a 30-s rest compared with the baseline measurements (p < 0.001). SBP reductions were greater in the DB group than in the 30-s rest group (normotensives: -6.4 +/- 8.3 vs. -3.0 +/- 7.4 mmHg, p < 0.001; untreated hypertensives: -9.6 +/- 10.2 vs. -5.9 +/- 9.1 mmHg, p < 0.001; treated hypertensives: -8.3 +/- 9.6 vs. -4.4 +/- 8.3 mmHg, p < 0.001). Greater BP reductions were found in patients with a higher baseline BP in both the DB and 30-s rest groups. In conclusion, the present study showed a baseline BP-dependent BP reduction by DB, suggesting that BP measurement should be done without DB in the office because DB lowers BP.” [Use of ambulatory blood pressure measurement in primary care in Iceland.] (Laeknabladid. 2012) What is a normal blood pressure on ambulatory monitoring? (Nephrol Dial Transplant (1996)) Whole-Day BP Monitoring in Ambulatory Normotensive Men (Arch Intern Med. 1985) “Daytime BPs (128±12/80±7 mm Hg) were significantly higher and nighttime BP averages (109±11/67±9 mm Hg) were significantly lower than the casual BPs (119±13/76±9 mm Hg) of the subjects studied. On the average, 15.6% of the readings in each tracing showed systolic BPs above 140 mm Hg, and more than 25% of these elevated readings were found in six of the 34 subjects. The average incidence of elevated diastolic BPs (>90 mm Hg) observed during each monitoring period was 14.4%, but six subjects had incidences of more than 25%. The incidence of elevated BP readings was not age related. However, subjects with a family history of hypertension generally had more elevated systolic BPs than those with no family history of hypertension (24% v 9%).” |
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